Jois A, Navarro P, Ortega-Senovilla H, Gavela-Pérez T, Soriano-Guillén L, Garcés C
Lipid Laboratory, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, UAM, Madrid, Spain.
Servicio de Bioquímica-Investigación, Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain.
Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2015 Dec;25(12):1111-6. doi: 10.1016/j.numecd.2015.09.005. Epub 2015 Sep 25.
Leptin, an adipokine elevated in obesity, may be related to an adverse cardiovascular risk profile in childhood. However, evidence for this relationship in pre-pubertal children is scarce. We aimed to analyze the relationship between leptin levels and lipid and insulin profiles in Spanish children.
Our population-based sample included 389 males and 369 females aged 6-8 years. Lipid levels were determined by standard methods, insulin by radioimmunoassay and leptin by sandwich ELISA. Leptin levels were higher in girls (8.6 ng/ml) than boys (4.7 ng/ml) (p < 0.001). Leptin increased from ages 6 to 8 in girls, but remained steady in boys. In both sexes, leptin increased significantly (p < 0.001) across weight category from normal weight to obese. Children in the highest tertile of leptin concentration showed significantly (p < 0.01) lower levels of HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C) and apolipoprotein-AI (apo-AI) and significantly higher triglyceride (TG) levels than children in lower tertiles. However, in linear regression analysis, after adjustment for body mass index (BMI), leptin only accounted for 1.5% of the variance of HDL-C in boys, and 2.6% of the variance of apo-AI in girls. Leptin was strongly and positively correlated with insulin and HOMA. Upon regression analysis, leptin contributed to over 20% of the variability in insulin and HOMA, independent of BMI.
Leptin levels show sex differences in pre-pubertal children. In this age group, leptin levels are strongly related to insulin, and affect lipid profile -namely HDL-C, apo-AI and TG- particularly when leptin levels are high.
瘦素是一种在肥胖状态下升高的脂肪因子，可能与儿童不良心血管风险状况有关。然而，青春期前儿童中这种关系的证据很少。我们旨在分析西班牙儿童瘦素水平与血脂和胰岛素水平之间的关系。
我们基于人群的样本包括389名6 - 8岁男性和369名女性。血脂水平通过标准方法测定，胰岛素通过放射免疫测定法测定，瘦素通过夹心酶联免疫吸附测定法测定。女孩的瘦素水平（8.6纳克/毫升）高于男孩（4.7纳克/毫升）（p < 0.001）。女孩的瘦素水平从6岁到8岁升高，但男孩保持稳定。在两性中，瘦素水平从正常体重到肥胖，随体重类别显著升高（p < 0.001）。瘦素浓度处于最高三分位数的儿童与较低三分位数的儿童相比，高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）和载脂蛋白A-I（apo-AI）水平显著降低（p < 0.01），甘油三酯（TG）水平显著升高。然而，在线性回归分析中，在调整体重指数（BMI）后，瘦素仅解释了男孩HDL-C变异的1.5%，女孩apo-AI变异的2.6%。瘦素与胰岛素和稳态模型评估胰岛素抵抗（HOMA）呈强正相关。回归分析显示，独立于BMI，瘦素对胰岛素和HOMA变异的贡献率超过20%。
青春期前儿童的瘦素水平存在性别差异。在这个年龄组中，瘦素水平与胰岛素密切相关，并影响血脂水平——即HDL-C、apo-AI和TG——尤其是当瘦素水平较高时。
