Department of Psychology, University of Kentucky.
J Abnorm Psychol. 2016 Jan;125(1):75-87. doi: 10.1037/abn0000130. Epub 2015 Nov 30.
The most influential figure in the study of psychopathy is Hervey Cleckley, the author of the widely cited text, "The Mask of Sanity" (Cleckley, 1941, 1955). Researchers often refer to Cleckley when disputing what should belong within a conceptualization or assessment of psychopathy, at times disagreeing as to what Cleckley meant or intended. Cleckley though included within his text 15 detailed case studies of prototypic psychopaths. The current study was the first to provide systematic ratings of these 15 cases, including ratings with respect to (a) the 16 Cleckley criteria (e.g., anxiousness and inadequately motivated antisocial behavior), (b) 33 additional traits included within or considered for more recently developed measures and models of psychopathy (e.g., boldness, fearlessness, disobliged, cruelty, and aggression), and (c) 30 traits of the 5-factor model of general personality. The results are discussed with respect to implications for both historic and current models of psychopathy.
在研究精神病态学方面最具影响力的人物是 Hervey Cleckley，他是广受引用的著作《正常面具下的精神病态》（Cleckley，1941，1955）的作者。研究人员在争论应该将什么概念化或评估为精神病态学时，经常参考 Cleckley 的观点，有时会对 Cleckley 的意思或意图产生分歧。不过，Cleckley 在他的文本中包括了 15 个典型精神病态者的详细案例研究。本研究首次对这 15 个案例进行了系统评估，包括对（a）16 个 Cleckley 标准（例如，焦虑和动机不足的反社会行为），（b）33 个包含在或被认为是最近开发的精神病态学测量和模型内的其他特征，以及（c）一般人格的 5 因素模型中的 30 个特征的评估。讨论了这些结果对历史和当前的精神病态学模型的意义。
