Johansson Peter, Kerr Margaret
Orebro University, Orebro, Sweden.
J Pers Disord. 2005 Aug;19(4):357-69. doi: 10.1521/pedi.2005.19.4.357.
Empirical studies using the PCL-R (Hare, 2003) have shown no intelligence differences between psychopaths and nonpsychopaths. However, Cleckley (1976) argued that psychopaths often show superior intelligence. The purpose of the present study was to test the hypothesis that the correlation between intelligence and severity of criminal development is the opposite in psychopaths than in nonpsychopathic criminals using a sample of 370 men sentenced for violent (nonsexual) crimes. That pattern would provide a way of explaining the discrepancy between Cleckley's view and later empirical work. The results showed that for nonpsychopaths, higher total IQ and particularly verbal intelligence meant a later start in violent crime. For those diagnosed as psychopaths, however, this association was reversed.
使用PCL-R（哈雷，2003年）的实证研究表明，精神病态者与非精神病态者之间不存在智力差异。然而，克莱克利（1976年）认为，精神病态者往往表现出较高的智力。本研究的目的是检验这样一个假设：使用370名因暴力（非性）犯罪被判刑的男性样本，精神病态者与非精神病态罪犯相比，智力与犯罪发展严重程度之间的相关性相反。这种模式将为解释克莱克利的观点与后来的实证研究之间的差异提供一种方法。结果表明，对于非精神病态者，较高的总智商尤其是语言智力意味着暴力犯罪的起始时间较晚。然而，对于那些被诊断为精神病态者，这种关联则相反。
