Iacono Pierluigi, Battaglia Parodi Maurizio, Falcomatà Bruno, Bandello Francesco
Fondazione G.B. Bietti per l'Oftalmologia, IRCCS (Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico), Rome, Italy.
Ophthalmic Res. 2015;55(2):76-83. doi: 10.1159/000441502. Epub 2015 Dec 1.
Central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) is a retinal disorder that primarily affects young (20- to 50-year-old) white men, although it is seen occasionally in older patients and females. CSC is characterized by avascular focal leakage through the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), resulting in serous detachment of the neurosensory retina. The course is usually self-limiting and in most cases resolves spontaneously within a 3-month period, with visual acuity usually recovering to 20/30 or better. However, chronic CSC may develop as a consequence of recurrences or persistent neurosensory detachment, and can result in progressive RPE atrophy and permanent visual loss. A primary involvement of the RPE and choroidal vascularization play a significant role in the pathogenesis of CSC and the current treatment options attempt to restore the functions of the RPE and the normal choroidal vasculature. The aim of the current review is to provide an overview of the current therapeutical approaches to CSC, including observation, laser treatment, photodynamic therapy with verteporfin, intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor therapy and the mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists.
中心性浆液性脉络膜视网膜病变（CSC）是一种视网膜疾病，主要影响年轻（20至50岁）白人男性，不过在老年患者和女性中也偶尔可见。CSC的特征是通过视网膜色素上皮（RPE）发生无血管性局灶性渗漏，导致神经感觉视网膜的浆液性脱离。病程通常为自限性，在大多数情况下会在3个月内自发消退，视力通常可恢复到20/30或更好。然而，慢性CSC可能因复发或持续性神经感觉脱离而发生，并可导致进行性RPE萎缩和永久性视力丧失。RPE和脉络膜血管形成的原发性受累在CSC的发病机制中起重要作用，目前的治疗选择试图恢复RPE和正常脉络膜血管系统的功能。本综述的目的是概述CSC目前的治疗方法，包括观察、激光治疗、维替泊芬光动力疗法、玻璃体内抗血管内皮生长因子治疗以及盐皮质激素受体拮抗剂。
