Coogan T P, Latta D M, Snow E T, Costa M
Institute of Environmental Medicine, New York University Medical Center, New York.
Crit Rev Toxicol. 1989;19(4):341-84. doi: 10.3109/10408448909029327.
The toxicity and carcinogenicity of nickel compounds are considered in three broad categories: (1) systemic toxicology, (2) molecular toxicology, and (3) carcinogenicity. The systemic toxicity of nickel compounds is examined based upon human and animal studies. The major organs affected are discussed in three categories: (1) kidney, (2) immune system, and (3) other organs. The second area of concentration is molecular toxicology, which will include a discussion of the chemistry of nickel, its binding to small and large molecular weight ligands, and, finally, its cellular effects. The third major area involves a discussion of the carcinogenicity and genotoxicity of nickel compounds. This section focuses on mechanisms, using studies conducted in vivo and in vitro. It also includes a discussion of the assessment of the carcinogenicity of nickel compounds.
（1）全身毒理学，（2）分子毒理学，以及（3）致癌性。基于人体和动物研究对镍化合物的全身毒性进行了考察。受影响的主要器官分为三类进行讨论：（1）肾脏，（2）免疫系统，以及（3）其他器官。第二个关注领域是分子毒理学，其中将包括对镍的化学性质、其与小分子和大分子配体的结合，以及最终其细胞效应的讨论。第三个主要领域涉及对镍化合物致癌性和遗传毒性的讨论。本节重点关注作用机制，采用体内和体外研究。它还包括对镍化合物致癌性评估的讨论。
