Chimenz R, Manti S, Fede C, Stroscio G, Visalli C, Nicotera A, Di Rosa G, Romeo A C, Salpietro V, Cuppari C
Unit of Pediatric Nephrology and Rheumatology, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
Unit of Genetics and Pediatric Immunology, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
J Biol Regul Homeost Agents. 2015 Apr-Jun;29(2 Suppl 1):73-9.
Nocturnal enuresis is defined as intermittent urinary incontinence during sleep that occurs at least twice a week for three consecutive months. There is no unifying etiology for nocturnal enuresis in the pediatric population and the disorder is likely to be multifactorial. We aimed to investigate the relationship between primary nocturnal enuresis, allergic rhinitis, and related complications in a paediatric case series from a single Center. We retrospectively reviewed and prospectively followed-up at our Institution (i) 32 children (14 females, 18 males; mean age 6.31±1.21 yrs) affected by allergic rhinitis with adenoidal hypertrophygrade I-II (group A) and (ii) 27 children (11 females, 16 males; mean age 6.52±1.33 yrs) affected by allergic rhinitis with adenoidal hypertrophy grade III-IV (group B). Allergic rhinitis was diagnosed on the basis of (a) typical nasal symptoms due to atopic sensitization (e.g., rhinorrhea , itching, sneezing fits, and nasal congestion and obstruction) and (b) positive skin prick testing and/or increased level of total serum IgE. We identified discrepancies between group A and group B in terms of risk of primary nocturnal enuresis. In fact, only 1 child of group A (3.12%) reported uncomplicated primary nocturnal enuresis; conversely, 6 children of group B (22.22%) showed a history of uncomplicated primary nocturnal enuresis (p=0.040). There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in terms of atopic sensitization and serum total IgE levels (p=0.43). Allergic rhinitis may potentially influence the onset and the natural history of nocturnal enuresis in some children. Children with allergic rhinitis and more severe respiratory manifestations, seem to be more prone to developing primary nocturnal enuresis, likely due to potential multi-factorial causes (e.g., sleep disorders, chronic phlogosis, immune deregulation).
夜间遗尿症的定义为睡眠期间间歇性尿失禁，每周至少发生两次，持续三个月。儿科人群中夜间遗尿症没有统一的病因，该病症可能是多因素导致的。我们旨在研究来自单一中心的儿科病例系列中原发性夜间遗尿症、过敏性鼻炎及相关并发症之间的关系。我们在本机构进行了回顾性研究和前瞻性随访：（i）32名患有I-II级腺样体肥大的过敏性鼻炎儿童（14名女性，18名男性；平均年龄6.31±1.21岁）（A组），以及（ii）27名患有III-IV级腺样体肥大的过敏性鼻炎儿童（11名女性，16名男性；平均年龄6.52±1.33岁）（B组）。过敏性鼻炎的诊断依据为：（a）特应性致敏引起的典型鼻部症状（如流涕、瘙痒、喷嚏发作、鼻塞和鼻阻塞），以及（b）皮肤点刺试验阳性和/或血清总IgE水平升高。我们发现A组和B组在原发性夜间遗尿症风险方面存在差异。事实上，A组只有1名儿童（3.12%）报告有单纯性原发性夜间遗尿症；相反，B组有6名儿童（22.22%）有单纯性原发性夜间遗尿症病史（p=0.040）。两组在特应性致敏和血清总IgE水平方面无统计学显著差异（p=0.43）。过敏性鼻炎可能会影响一些儿童夜间遗尿症的发病和自然病程。患有过敏性鼻炎且呼吸道表现更严重的儿童似乎更容易发生原发性夜间遗尿症，可能是由于潜在的多因素原因（如睡眠障碍、慢性炎症、免疫失调）。
