Goyal Abhishek, Pakhare Abhijit P, Bhatt Girish C, Choudhary Bharat, Patil Rajesh
Department of Pulmonology and Sleep Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India.
Department of Community and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India.
Lung India. 2018 Mar-Apr;35(2):132-136. doi: 10.4103/lungindia.lungindia_218_17.
Pediatric obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a highly prevalent but often neglected disorder. There is paucity of reports on the prevalence of pediatric OSA from India. This study was done to estimate the prevalence of OSA in school children aged 5-10 years and its association with academic performance.
This school-based cross-sectional epidemiological study was conducted from July 2015 to November 2015. A questionnaire seeking information on sociodemographic variables, school performance, sleeping pattern, and a validated 22-item pediatrics sleep-related breathing disorder (SRBD) scale was distributed to 1820 pupils in three primary schools. The prevalence of OSA (defined as SRBD score >33%) was reported as proportion and its 95% confidence interval (CI).
We received 1520 questionnaires out of 1820 distributed and of which 1346 were complete and were analyzed. The prevalence of OSA among children in our study was 9.6% (95% CI: 8.1%-11.7%). On multivariate analysis, working mother (adjusted odds ratio [OR]: 1.8; 95% CI: 1.2-2.7), sleep bruxism (adjusted OR: 1.7; 95% CI: 1.1-2.6), and sleep talking (adjusted OR: 3.0; 95% CI: 1.9-4.7) were found to be independently associated with OSA. Students with positive SRBD were more prone to nocturnal enuresis (NE) (OR 3.48; 95% CI 2.27-5.26) and poor academic performance in all subjects.
OSA is highly prevalent (9.6%) in Indian children. OSA is associated with NE and poor academic performance in all subjects. This study found association of maternal occupation and OSA which needs to be confirmed in larger studies.
小儿阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停（OSA）是一种高度普遍但常被忽视的疾病。来自印度的关于小儿OSA患病率的报道较少。本研究旨在估计5至10岁学龄儿童中OSA的患病率及其与学业成绩的关联。
本基于学校的横断面流行病学研究于2015年7月至2015年11月进行。向三所小学的1820名学生发放了一份问卷，询问社会人口统计学变量、学校表现、睡眠模式以及一份经过验证的包含22个条目的儿科睡眠相关呼吸障碍（SRBD）量表。OSA的患病率（定义为SRBD评分>33%）以比例及其95%置信区间（CI）报告。
在发放的1820份问卷中，我们收到了1520份，其中1346份完整并进行了分析。我们研究中儿童OSA的患病率为9.6%（95%CI：8.1%-11.7%）。多因素分析显示，职业母亲（调整后的优势比[OR]：1.8；95%CI：1.2-2.7）、磨牙症（调整后的OR：1.7；95%CI：1.1-2.6）和说梦话（调整后的OR：3.0；95%CI：1.9-4.7）被发现与OSA独立相关。SRBD呈阳性的学生更易发生夜间遗尿（NE）（OR 3.48；95%CI 2.27-5.26）且所有学科的学业成绩较差。
OSA在印度儿童中高度普遍（9.6%）。OSA与NE及所有学科的学业成绩较差相关。本研究发现母亲职业与OSA有关联，这需要在更大规模的研究中得到证实。
