VIB Center for the Biology of Disease and Center for Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
Neuroscience Discovery, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffman-La Roche, Grenzacherstrasse 124, 4070 Basel, Switzerland.
Nat Rev Neurosci. 2016 Jan;17(1):22-35. doi: 10.1038/nrn.2015.3. Epub 2015 Dec 10.
The molecular diversification of cell surface molecules has long been postulated to impart specific surface identities on neuronal cell types. The existence of unique cell surface identities would allow neurons to distinguish one another and connect with their appropriate target cells. Although progress has been made in identifying cell type-specific surface molecule repertoires and in characterizing their extracellular interactions, determining how this molecular diversity contributes to the precise wiring of neural circuitry has proven challenging. Here, we review the role of the cadherin, neurexin, immunoglobulin and leucine-rich repeat protein superfamilies in the specification of connectivity. The emerging evidence suggests that the concerted actions of these proteins may critically contribute to the assembly of neural circuits.
细胞表面分子的分子多样化长期以来被认为赋予了神经元细胞类型特定的表面特征。独特的细胞表面特征的存在可以使神经元彼此区分，并与它们的适当靶细胞连接。尽管在鉴定细胞类型特异性表面分子库和表征其细胞外相互作用方面已经取得了进展，但确定这种分子多样性如何有助于神经回路的精确布线一直具有挑战性。在这里，我们回顾了钙粘蛋白、神经连接蛋白、免疫球蛋白和富含亮氨酸重复蛋白超家族在连接特异性中的作用。新出现的证据表明，这些蛋白质的协同作用可能对神经回路的组装至关重要。
