Negrín Ariadna Rangel, Fuentes Alejandro Coyohua, Espinosa Domingo Canales, Dias Pedro Américo Duarte
Laboratorio de Ecología del Comportamiento de Primates, Instituto de Neuroetología, Universidad Veracruzana, Av. Dr. Luis Castelazo Ayala S/N, Colonia Industrial Animas, CP 91190, Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico.
Primates. 2016 Jan;57(1):9-15. doi: 10.1007/s10329-015-0503-1. Epub 2015 Dec 10.
To date, no study has investigated how human disturbance affects the size of the behavioral repertoire of a species. The aim of the present study is to illustrate how measurement of behavioral diversity assists in documenting biodiversity loss, demonstrating that human disturbance has a negative effect on behavioral diversity. We studied the social interaction repertoire of 41 adult black howler monkeys (Alouatta pigra) belonging to 10 groups living in different habitats in Campeche (Mexico), and related repertoire size to a proxy of human-induced habitat disturbance, habitat size. The social interaction repertoire of groups living in habitats with higher human-induced disturbance included lower number of behavioral types, and in particular, fewer energy-demanding behaviors. Thus, in addition to a loss in biodiversity, measured through organismal diversity, the disturbance of black howler monkeys' habitats is accompanied by a loss in behavioral diversity. We believe that the study of behavioral diversity as an element of biodiversity will become an increasingly important research topic, as it will improve our understanding of the behavioral strategies displayed by wildlife facing anthropogenic disturbance.
迄今为止，尚无研究调查人类干扰如何影响一个物种行为库的大小。本研究的目的是说明行为多样性的测量如何有助于记录生物多样性丧失，证明人类干扰对行为多样性有负面影响。我们研究了生活在墨西哥坎佩切不同栖息地的10个群体中41只成年黑吼猴（Alouatta pigra）的社会互动行为库，并将行为库大小与人类诱导栖息地干扰的一个指标——栖息地大小联系起来。生活在人类干扰较大栖息地的群体，其社会互动行为库中的行为类型数量较少，尤其是耗能行为更少。因此，除了通过生物多样性所衡量的生物多样性丧失之外，黑吼猴栖息地的干扰还伴随着行为多样性的丧失。我们认为，将行为多样性作为生物多样性的一个要素进行研究将成为一个越来越重要的研究课题，因为它将增进我们对面临人为干扰的野生动物所展示的行为策略的理解。
