Orsini J A, Benson C E, Spencer P A, Van Miller E
Department of Clinical Studies, University of Pennsylvania, School of Veterinary Medicine, Kennett Square 19348.
Am J Vet Res. 1989 Jun;50(6):923-5.
Resistance of gram-negative bacteria to gentamicin has become an increasingly common problem among clinical isolates from human beings. Susceptibility of isolates from horses to gentamicin and amikacin was evaluated for the period from July, 1983 to June, 1985. All isolates of Escherichia coli, and species of Enterobacter, Klebsiella, Proteus, and Pseudomonas examined were susceptible to amikacin, except 2 of the 46 Pseudomonas isolates. In contrast, 13 to 50% of isolates were resistant to gentamicin. Escherichia coli, and Klebsiella, Proteus, and Enterobacter species isolates were highly significantly more susceptible to amikacin (P less than 0.01) than to gentamicin. Pseudomonas spp (P = 0.13) were not significantly different in susceptibility to the 2 drugs. There was significant variation among genera in their susceptibility to gentamicin (P = 0.002), primarily because of the frequency of resistance in isolates of Klebsiella spp and Proteus spp, compared with the other 3 organisms (E coli, Enterobacter spp, and Pseudomonas spp). There was no significant difference of susceptibility to amikacin among the genera studied (P = 0.06).
革兰氏阴性菌对庆大霉素的耐药性已成为人类临床分离株中日益常见的问题。对1983年7月至1985年6月期间马的分离株对庆大霉素和阿米卡星的敏感性进行了评估。所有检测的大肠杆菌、肠杆菌属、克雷伯菌属、变形杆菌属和假单胞菌属分离株对阿米卡星敏感，46株假单胞菌分离株中仅2株除外。相比之下，13%至50%的分离株对庆大霉素耐药。大肠杆菌、克雷伯菌属、变形杆菌属和肠杆菌属分离株对阿米卡星的敏感性（P<0.01）显著高于对庆大霉素的敏感性。假单胞菌属（P = 0.13）对这两种药物的敏感性无显著差异。各菌属对庆大霉素的敏感性存在显著差异（P = 0.002），主要是因为克雷伯菌属和变形杆菌属分离株的耐药频率与其他3种菌（大肠杆菌、肠杆菌属和假单胞菌属）相比有所不同。所研究的菌属对阿米卡星的敏感性无显著差异（P = 0.06）。
