Pang Jiao-Jiao, Barton Linzi A, Chen Yu-Guo, Ren Jun
Center for Cardiovascular Research and Alternative Medicine, University of Wyoming College of Health Sciences, Laramie, WY 82071, USA.
Department of Emergency, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China.
Sheng Li Xue Bao. 2015 Dec 25;67(6):535-44.
Acute myocardial infarction is one of the major causes of mortality worldwide. Reperfusion in a timely fashion is the most effective way to limit infarct size. However, reperfusion can itself prompt further myocardial injury. This phenomenon is commonly known as myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury. Mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH2) is an enzyme metabolizing acetaldehyde and toxic aldehydes. Increasing evidence has revealed a cardioprotective role of ALDH2 in myocardial IR injury. Evidence from animal studies has shown that ALDH2 diminishes acute myocardial infarct size, ameliorates cardiac dysfunction and prevents reperfusion arrhythmias. The activity of ALDH2 is severely compromised if it is encoded by the mutant ALDH2*2 gene, with an incidence of approximately 40% in Asian populations. Epidemiological surveys in the Asian population have depicted that ALDH2 polymorphism is closely associated with higher prevalence of acute myocardial infarction and coronary artery disease. Therefore, targeting ALDH2 may represent a promising avenue to protect against IR injury. This review recapitulates the underlying mechanisms involved in the protective effect of ALDH2 in cardiac IR injury. Translational potential of ALDH2 in the management of coronary heart disease is also discussed.
急性心肌梗死是全球主要的死亡原因之一。及时进行再灌注是限制梗死面积的最有效方法。然而，再灌注本身可引发进一步的心肌损伤。这种现象通常被称为心肌缺血再灌注（IR）损伤。线粒体乙醛脱氢酶（ALDH2）是一种代谢乙醛和有毒醛类的酶。越来越多的证据表明ALDH2在心肌IR损伤中具有心脏保护作用。动物研究的证据表明，ALDH2可减小急性心肌梗死面积，改善心脏功能并预防再灌注心律失常。如果由突变的ALDH2*2基因编码，ALDH2的活性会严重受损，在亚洲人群中的发生率约为40%。亚洲人群的流行病学调查表明，ALDH2多态性与急性心肌梗死和冠状动脉疾病的较高患病率密切相关。因此，靶向ALDH2可能是预防IR损伤的一个有前景的途径。本综述概述了ALDH2在心脏IR损伤中的保护作用所涉及的潜在机制。还讨论了ALDH2在冠心病管理中的转化潜力。
