Milich R, Licht B G, Murphy D A, Pelham W E
J Abnorm Psychol. 1989 Aug;98(3):280-4. doi: 10.1037//0021-843x.98.3.280.
The present study examined the effects of stimulant medication on the self-evaluations of and attributions for task performance of 26 attention-deficit hyperactivity disordered boys. Each boy performed a continuous performance task twice, once while on medication and once while on placebo. Immediately following the completion of the task, the boys were asked a series of questions concerning their self-evaluations of, and attributions for, their performance. Two findings of note were obtained. First, medication, compared with placebo, increased the correspondence between the boys' self-evaluations and their performance. Second, the boys did not use medication as a frequent explanation for their performance, as others have predicted. In fact, the boys picked medication as an explanation for their successes significantly less often than either effort or ability.
本研究考察了刺激性药物对26名患有注意力缺陷多动障碍男孩的任务表现自我评价及归因的影响。每个男孩都完成了两次持续性操作任务，一次在服药时，一次在服用安慰剂时。任务完成后，立即询问男孩们一系列关于他们对自己表现的自我评价及归因的问题。获得了两个值得注意的发现。首先，与安慰剂相比，药物增加了男孩们的自我评价与表现之间的一致性。其次，正如其他人所预测的，男孩们并未频繁地将药物作为他们表现的解释。事实上，与努力或能力相比，男孩们将药物作为成功原因的选择频率要低得多。
