身体活动、体育参与和积极通勤与青少年数学成绩及抑制控制能力的关联
Associations of Physical Activity, Sports Participation and Active Commuting on Mathematic Performance and Inhibitory Control in Adolescents.
作者信息
Domazet Sidsel L, Tarp Jakob, Huang Tao, Gejl Anne Kær, Andersen Lars Bo, Froberg Karsten, Bugge Anna
机构信息
Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, Division of Exercise Epidemiology, Centre of Research in Childhood Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
Department of Physical Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
出版信息
PLoS One. 2016 Jan 4;11(1):e0146319. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0146319. eCollection 2016.
OBJECTIVES
To examine objectively measured physical activity level, organized sports participation and active commuting to school in relation to mathematic performance and inhibitory control in adolescents.
METHODS
The design was cross-sectional. A convenient sample of 869 sixth and seventh grade students (12-14 years) was invited to participate in the study. A total of 568 students fulfilled the inclusion criteria and comprised the final sample for this study. Mathematic performance was assessed by a customized test and inhibitory control was assessed by a modified Eriksen flanker task. Physical activity was assessed with GT3X and GT3X+ accelerometers presented in sex-specific quartiles of mean counts per minute and mean minutes per day in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity. Active commuting and sports participation was self-reported. Mixed model regression was applied. Total physical activity level was stratified by bicycling status in order to bypass measurement error subject to the accelerometer.
RESULTS
Non-cyclists in the 2nd quartile of counts per minute displayed a higher mathematic score, so did cyclists in the 2nd and 3rd quartile of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity relative to the least active quartile. Non-cyclists in the 3rd quartile of counts per minute had an improved reaction time and cyclists in the 2nd quartile of counts per minute and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity displayed an improved accuracy, whereas non-cyclists in the 2nd quartile of counts per minute showed an inferior accuracy relative to the least active quartile. Bicycling to school and organized sports participation were positively associated with mathematic performance.
CONCLUSIONS
Sports participation and bicycling were positively associated with mathematic performance. Results regarding objectively measured physical activity were mixed. Although, no linear nor dose-response relationship was observed there was no indication of a higher activity level impairing the scholastic or cognitive performance.
目的
探讨客观测量的身体活动水平、有组织的体育参与以及积极的上学通勤方式与青少年数学成绩和抑制控制能力之间的关系。
方法
采用横断面研究设计。邀请了869名六、七年级学生（12 - 14岁）作为便利样本参与研究。共有568名学生符合纳入标准，构成了本研究的最终样本。通过定制测试评估数学成绩，通过改良的埃里克森侧翼任务评估抑制控制能力。使用GT3X和GT3X +加速度计评估身体活动，以每分钟平均计数和中度至剧烈身体活动的每日平均分钟数的性别特异性四分位数呈现。积极的上学通勤方式和体育参与情况通过自我报告获得。应用混合模型回归分析。为了规避加速度计测量误差，根据骑自行车状态对总体身体活动水平进行分层。
结果
每分钟计数处于第二四分位数的非骑车学生数学成绩较高，中度至剧烈身体活动处于第二和第三四分位数的骑车学生相对于最不活跃的四分位数数学成绩也较高。每分钟计数处于第三四分位数的非骑车学生反应时间有所改善，每分钟计数处于第二四分位数且中度至剧烈身体活动处于第二四分位数的骑车学生准确性有所提高，而每分钟计数处于第二四分位数的非骑车学生相对于最不活跃的四分位数准确性较差。骑车上学和有组织的体育参与与数学成绩呈正相关。
结论
体育参与和骑车与数学成绩呈正相关。客观测量的身体活动水平的结果不一。虽然未观察到线性或剂量反应关系，但没有迹象表明较高的活动水平会损害学业或认知表现。
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