Beauchamp Mark R, Scarlett Louisa J, Ruissen Geralyn R, Connelly Catherine E, McBride Christopher B, Casemore Sheila, Martin Ginis Kathleen A
a The University of British Columbia , Vancouver , Canada ;
b McMaster University , Hamilton , Canada ;
Disabil Rehabil. 2016 Sep;38(19):1884-92. doi: 10.3109/09638288.2015.1107773. Epub 2016 Jan 4.
Drawing from the tenets of transformational leadership theory, the purpose of this study was to examine the nature of effective peer mentoring of adults with a spinal cord injury (SCI) from the perspective of mentees.
The study utilised a qualitative methodology (informed by a social constructionist approach), involving 15 adult mentees with a SCI (mean age = 47.2; mean time since injury = 14.5 years), in which data were obtained via semi-structured interviews.
The results revealed that effective mentoring, as used by mentors with SCIs, closely aligns with the core components of transformational leadership. Specifically, all four dimensions of transformational leadership (idealised influence, inspirational motivation, individualised consideration and intellectual stimulation) as displayed by mentors with a SCI were evident in their interactions with mentees. Participants who perceived their mentors to use transformational leadership behaviours reported increases in motivation, self-confidence, hope and overall well-being, relatedness with their mentor, greater comfort/acceptance of their situation, a redefined sense of their limitations, as well as greater engagement in various life pursuits.
Displays of transformational leadership by peer mentors (i.e. transformational mentoring) were reported by mentees to be associated with a range of adaptive psychological and behavioural outcomes. The results have the potential to inform the development and dissemination of peer mentor-based interventions and initiatives. Implications for Rehabilitation Within the context of spinal cord injury (SCI) rehabilitation, positive peer mentorship is reflected in mentors' use of transformational leadership behaviours (idealised influence, inspirational motivation, individualised consideration and intellectual stimulation). When SCI peer mentors use transformational leadership behaviours, mentees report a redefined sense of their limitations, and increased self-confidence, hope, motivation, acceptance, participation and overall well-being. The results of this study have the potential to inform future longitudinal and experimental research concerning the (causal) effects of peer mentoring on mentee outcomes. In particular, research should examine the effects of peer-mentorship training, informed by the tenets of transformational leadership theory, in relation to the mentee outcomes assessed in this qualitative study.
本研究借鉴变革型领导理论的原则，旨在从学员的角度审视对成年脊髓损伤患者进行有效同伴指导的本质。
本研究采用定性研究方法（以社会建构主义方法为指导），涉及15名成年脊髓损伤学员（平均年龄 = 47.2岁；平均受伤时间 = 14.5年），通过半结构化访谈获取数据。
结果显示，脊髓损伤的指导者所采用的有效指导与变革型领导的核心要素密切相关。具体而言，脊髓损伤的指导者所展现的变革型领导的所有四个维度（理想化影响力、鼓舞性激励、个性化关怀和智力激发）在他们与学员的互动中都很明显。认为其指导者运用变革型领导行为的参与者报告称，他们在动机、自信、希望和总体幸福感方面有所提升，与指导者的关系更加紧密，对自身状况的舒适度/接受度更高，对自身局限性有了重新认识，并且在各种生活追求中更加积极参与。
学员报告称，同伴指导者展现的变革型领导（即变革型指导）与一系列适应性心理和行为结果相关。这些结果有可能为基于同伴指导的干预措施和倡议的开发与传播提供信息。对康复的启示在脊髓损伤（SCI）康复的背景下，积极的同伴指导体现在指导者运用变革型领导行为（理想化影响力、鼓舞性激励、个性化关怀和智力激发）上。当SCI同伴指导者运用变革型领导行为时，学员报告称他们对自身局限性有了重新认识，并且自信心、希望、动机、接受度、参与度和总体幸福感都有所提高。本研究结果有可能为未来关于同伴指导对学员结果的（因果）影响的纵向和实验研究提供信息。特别是，研究应根据变革型领导理论的原则，考察同伴指导培训对本定性研究中所评估的学员结果的影响。
