Hegazy Yamen, Elmonir Walid, Abdel-Hamid Nour Hosny, Elbauomy Essam Mohamed
Animal Medicine Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, 33516, Egypt.
Hygiene and Preventive Medicine (Zoonoses) Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, 33516, Egypt.
Acta Vet Scand. 2016 Jan 7;58:1. doi: 10.1186/s13028-015-0183-2.
Between February and July 2014, a cross-sectional study to estimate the seroprevalence of brucellosis in sheep in the Kafrelsheikh district of Egypt was carried out, together with a survey of knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAPs) among local shepherds. A total of 273 serum samples were collected from 28 sheep flocks in 10 villages within the study area. These samples were analysed by the Rose Bengal Plate test (RBPT) test, with all positive samples being confirmed by complement fixation test (CFT).
True seroprevalence was 20 % (95 % CI 15.3-24.7 %) with the prevalence of villages with at least one seropositive sheep estimated at 95.5 % (95 % CI 92.2-100 %); village flock seroprevalence ranged from 0 to 46.8 %. Results of the KAPs survey demonstrated that despite good knowledge regarding brucellosis being potentially present within their flocks, shepherds lacked knowledge regarding routes of livestock to humans disease transmission and the symptoms of brucellosis in humans. This lack of knowledge regarding disease transmission resulted in high-risk practices being widespread-practices such as assisting parturition without protective measures, throwing aborted material into water canals and a reluctance to remove animals that had aborted from the flock.
This study proposes potential measures to reduce seroprevalence of brucellosis in sheep and reduce public health risks from brucellosis such as culling aborted livestock and educational campaigns among shepherds regarding disease risks and modes of transmission.
2014年2月至7月，在埃及卡夫尔谢赫地区开展了一项横断面研究，以估计绵羊布鲁氏菌病的血清流行率，并对当地牧羊人进行了知识、态度和行为（KAP）调查。在研究区域内的10个村庄，从28个羊群中总共采集了273份血清样本。这些样本通过玫瑰红平板试验（RBPT）进行分析，所有阳性样本均通过补体结合试验（CFT）进行确认。
实际血清流行率为20%（95%置信区间15.3 - 24.7%），至少有一只血清阳性绵羊的村庄流行率估计为95.5%（95%置信区间92.2 - 100%）；村庄羊群血清流行率在0至46.8%之间。KAP调查结果表明，尽管牧羊人对其羊群中可能存在布鲁氏菌病有一定了解，但他们缺乏关于牲畜向人类疾病传播途径以及人类布鲁氏菌病症状的知识。这种对疾病传播知识的缺乏导致高风险行为广泛存在，例如在没有保护措施的情况下协助分娩、将流产物质扔进水渠以及不愿意将流产的动物从羊群中移除。
本研究提出了一些潜在措施，以降低绵羊布鲁氏菌病的血清流行率，并降低布鲁氏菌病带来的公共卫生风险，如扑杀流产牲畜以及对牧羊人开展关于疾病风险和传播方式的教育活动。
