School of Medical and Applied Science, Central Queensland University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Orthop J Sports Med. 2015 Nov 2;3(11):2325967115612416. doi: 10.1177/2325967115612416. eCollection 2015 Nov.
Kickboxing is a group of full-contact combat sports that allows both kicking and punching from a standing position. Despite its popularity, there is a scarcity of published data elucidating the injury epidemiology in kickboxing.
To determine the injury incidence, describe the injury pattern, and identify potential risk factors for injury in kickboxing.
Descriptive epidemiology study.
Data describing fight outcomes and injuries sustained during professional and amateur kickboxing contests over a 15-year period were obtained from the official records of the Nevada Athletic Commission, United States. Injury incidence rates and rate ratios were calculated with 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) per 1000 athlete-exposures (AEs) and per 1000 minutes of exposure. The injury pattern was described using frequencies and proportions of injuries by anatomic region and type of injury. In addition, Poisson mixed-effects generalized linear modeling was used to examine the multivariate relationships between injury incidence rates and potential risk factors.
The sample consisted of 481 unique fighters competing across 57 events, 976 AEs, 9562 minutes of exposure, and 380 injuries. The mean ± SD age of the fighters was 29.0 ± 5.3 years (range, 15-48 years). The overall injury incidence rates were 390.1 injuries (95% CI, 351.9-431.4) per 1000 AEs and 39.7 injuries (95% CI, 35.8-43.9) per 1000 minutes of exposure. The most commonly injured anatomic regions were the head (57.8%) and lower extremity (26.1%), while the most common types of injury were laceration (70.6%) and fracture (20.6%). Professional fighters were 2.5 times more likely to get injured compared with amateurs (rate ratio, 2.51; 95% CI, 1.39-4.55), while defeated fighters were 3.5 times more likely to get injured compared with winners (rate ratio, 3.48; 95% CI, 2.73-4.44).
Injuries are frequent and often significant in kickboxing, and better injury surveillance is strongly recommended. The scarcity of good-quality epidemiological data in kickboxing, especially pertaining to the severity of injuries, underscores the urgent need for further research, whereupon evidence-informed sport safety and injury prevention policies can be developed.
踢拳是一种允许站立状态下踢打和拳击的全接触格斗运动。尽管踢拳很受欢迎，但关于其损伤流行病学的已发表数据却很少。
确定踢拳运动中的损伤发生率、描述损伤类型，并确定损伤的潜在危险因素。
描述性流行病学研究。
从美国内华达州运动委员会的官方记录中获取了 15 年来专业和业余踢拳比赛中比赛结果和受伤情况的数据。使用每 1000 次运动员暴露（AE）和每 1000 分钟暴露的 95%置信区间（95%CI）计算损伤发生率和发生率比。通过损伤部位和损伤类型的频率和比例描述损伤模式。此外，使用泊松混合效应广义线性模型检查损伤发生率与潜在危险因素之间的多变量关系。
样本包括 481 名在 57 项赛事中竞争的独特拳手、976 次 AE、9562 分钟的暴露时间和 380 次损伤。拳手的平均年龄为 29.0±5.3 岁（范围：15-48 岁）。总的损伤发生率为每 1000 次 AE 390.1 次损伤（95%CI，351.9-431.4）和每 1000 分钟暴露 39.7 次损伤（95%CI，35.8-43.9）。最常受伤的解剖区域是头部（57.8%）和下肢（26.1%），而最常见的损伤类型是裂伤（70.6%）和骨折（20.6%）。与业余选手相比，职业选手受伤的可能性高 2.5 倍（发生率比，2.51；95%CI，1.39-4.55），而落败选手受伤的可能性是获胜选手的 3.5 倍（发生率比，3.48；95%CI，2.73-4.44）。
踢拳运动中的损伤频繁且通常较为严重，因此强烈建议加强损伤监测。踢拳运动中缺乏高质量的流行病学数据，尤其是关于损伤严重程度的数据，这突显了迫切需要进一步研究，以便制定基于证据的运动安全和损伤预防政策。
