Ross Austin J, Ross Bailey J, Zeoli Tyler C, Brown Symone M, Mulcahey Mary K
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA.
Orthop J Sports Med. 2021 Mar 24;9(3):2325967121991560. doi: 10.1177/2325967121991560. eCollection 2021 Mar.
The popularity of mixed martial arts (MMA) continues to grow in the United States. Although prior work has provided valuable insight concerning injuries in the sport, much of the available literature is limited by factors such as small sample sizes, varying athlete demographics, and inconsistent data collection methods.
To report injury rates and types in MMA and analyze potential variance between competition and match variables.
Descriptive epidemiology study.
We performed a retrospective review of injuries sustained by fighters during MMA contests between 2018 and 2019 using ringside physician postmatch injury reports from Wisconsin and Arizona. The prevalence of overall injuries and specific injury types was compared by location (Arizona vs Wisconsin), competition level (amateur vs professional), match result (decisions vs any other result), and match winners versus losers.
In 503 contests, 285 (57%) had at least 1 injury. In these 285 matches, participants experienced 401 injuries: 197 (49%) in professional bouts and 204 (51%) in amateur bouts. The match injury rate was higher in professional bouts than in amateur contests (68% vs 51%; < .001). Amateur fighters had more contusions and hematomas (31% vs 22%; < .001), while professional fighters had more lacerations (39% vs 23%; < .001). Losers exhibited a higher match injury rate than winners (48% vs 24%; < .001). Winners experienced a higher proportion of fractures (19% vs 9%; = .005), and losers experienced more concussions (17% vs 2%; < .001).
Professional fighters and losers of MMA bouts exhibited higher injury rates relative to amateurs and winners. The prevalence of specific injury types varied by competition level, match result, and match winners versus losers. The results of this study may be used to better understand the current injury profile in MMA and to develop targeted strategies for injury prevention.
综合格斗（MMA）在美国的受欢迎程度持续上升。尽管先前的研究已经对该运动中的损伤提供了有价值的见解，但现有文献大多受到样本量小、运动员人口统计学特征各异以及数据收集方法不一致等因素的限制。
报告综合格斗中的损伤率和损伤类型，并分析比赛和竞赛变量之间的潜在差异。
描述性流行病学研究。
我们使用威斯康星州和亚利桑那州场边医生的赛后损伤报告，对2018年至2019年综合格斗比赛期间选手所受的损伤进行了回顾性研究。通过地点（亚利桑那州与威斯康星州）、竞赛水平（业余选手与职业选手）、比赛结果（判定胜负与其他任何结果）以及比赛获胜者与失败者，比较总体损伤和特定损伤类型的发生率。
在503场比赛中，285场（57%）至少有1例损伤。在这285场比赛中，选手共经历了401次损伤：职业比赛中有197次（49%），业余比赛中有204次（51%）。职业比赛的比赛损伤率高于业余比赛（68%对51%；P <.001）。业余选手有更多的挫伤和血肿（31%对22%；P <.001），而职业选手有更多的撕裂伤（39%对23%；P <.001）。失败者的比赛损伤率高于获胜者（48%对24%；P <.001）。获胜者经历骨折的比例更高（19%对9%；P =.005），而失败者经历脑震荡的更多（17%对2%；P <.001）。
综合格斗比赛中的职业选手和失败者相对于业余选手和获胜者表现出更高的损伤率。特定损伤类型的发生率因竞赛水平、比赛结果以及比赛获胜者与失败者而异。本研究结果可用于更好地了解综合格斗目前的损伤情况，并制定有针对性的损伤预防策略。
