Rani Asima, Akhtar Shahnaz, Nawaz Syed Kashif, Irfan Shazia, Azam Sadia, Arshad Muhammad
Dept. of Zoology, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan.
Iran J Public Health. 2015 Nov;44(11):1492-7.
Electrolytes play an important role in the normal functioning of human body. Electrolyte imbalance and mineral disturbances is the common clinical manifestation in several infectious diseases including malaria. Malaria is a mosquito borne serious infectious disease of the world. Plasmodium vivax and P. falciparum are the main agents responsible for malaria in Pakistan. Electrolyte imbalance in malarial infection may lead towards the severity of disease.
The present study analyzed the electrolytes levels (Na, K, Ca and Mg) in malarial patients and healthy individuals. Patients were categorized into two groups, P. falciparum and P. vivax, based on causative species of Plasmodium. Study consisted of 173 individuals, out of which 73 were malarial patients and 100 were normal healthy individuals.
Concentrations of Na, K, and Ca were low in the blood of malarial patients as compared to healthy individuals (P<0.05). No significant difference for these electrolytes exists between P. falciparum and P. vivax infected groups (P>0.05). The concentration of Mg was changed based on exposure to the type of parasite. In P. falciparum infection, the level of Mg was lower than healthy individuals was (P<0.05). Discordantly, in case of P. vivaxinfection, Mg level was higher than healthy individuals were (P<0.05). No variation was noticed in electrolytes levels due to gender differences (P>0.05).
Variation in Mg levels occurs due to exposure of Plasmodium depending on its type. The levels of Na, K and Ca are also changed due to Plasmodium, regardless of its type.
电解质在人体正常功能中发挥着重要作用。电解质失衡和矿物质紊乱是包括疟疾在内的几种传染病的常见临床表现。疟疾是一种由蚊子传播的全球性严重传染病。间日疟原虫和恶性疟原虫是巴基斯坦疟疾的主要病原体。疟疾感染中的电解质失衡可能导致疾病加重。
本研究分析了疟疾患者和健康个体的电解质水平（钠、钾、钙和镁）。根据疟原虫的致病种类，将患者分为两组，即恶性疟原虫组和间日疟原虫组。该研究共纳入173人，其中73例为疟疾患者，100例为正常健康个体。
与健康个体相比，疟疾患者血液中的钠、钾和钙浓度较低（P<0.05）。恶性疟原虫感染组和间日疟原虫感染组之间这些电解质无显著差异（P>0.05）。镁的浓度根据所接触的寄生虫类型而变化。在恶性疟原虫感染中，镁水平低于健康个体（P<0.05）。相反，在间日疟原虫感染中，镁水平高于健康个体（P<0.05）。未观察到电解质水平因性别差异而有变化（P>0.05）。
镁水平的变化是由于接触不同类型的疟原虫所致。无论疟原虫类型如何，钠、钾和钙的水平也会因疟原虫而改变。
