Khoshnaw Najmaddin, Mohammed Hazha A, Abdullah Dana A
Department of Hematology, Hiwa Hospital, Sulaymaniyah, Kurdistan Region, Iraq E-mail :
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2015;16(18):8525-31. doi: 10.7314/apjcp.2015.16.18.8525.
Cancer has become a major health problem associated with high mortality worldwide, especially in developing countries. The aim of our study was to evaluate the incidence rates of different types of cancer in Sulaymaniyah from January-2006 to January-2014. The data were compared with those reported for other middle east countries.
This retrospective study depended on data collected from Hiwa hospital cancer registry unit, death records and histopathology reports in all Sulaymaniyah teaching hospitals, using international classification of diseases.
A total of 8,031 cases were registered during the eight year period, the annual incidence rate in all age groups rose from 38 to 61.7 cases/100,000 population/year, with averages over 50 in males and 50.7 in females. The male to female ratio in all age groups were 0.98, while in the pediatric age group it was 1.33. The hematological malignancies in all age groups accounted for 20% but in the pediatric group around half of all cancer cases. Pediatric cancers were occluding 7% of total cancers with rates of 10.3 in boys and 8.7 in girls. The commonest malignancies by primary site were leukemia, lymphoma, brain, kidney and bone. In males in all age groups they were lung, leukaemia, lymphoma, colorectal, prostate, bladder, brain, stomach, carcinoma of unknown primary (CUP) and skin, while in females they were breast, leukaemia, lymphoma, colorectal, ovary, lung, brain, CUP, and stomach. Most cancers were increased with increasing age except breast cancer where decrease was noted in older ages. High mortality rates were found with leukemia, lung, lymphoma, colorectal, breast and stomach cancers.
We here found an increase in annual cancer incidence rates across the period of study, because of increase of cancer with age and higher rates of hematological malignancies. Our study is valuable for Kurdistan and Iraq because it provides more accurate data about the exact patterns of cancer and mortality in our region.
癌症已成为全球范围内与高死亡率相关的主要健康问题，尤其是在发展中国家。我们研究的目的是评估2006年1月至2014年1月苏莱曼尼亚不同类型癌症的发病率。这些数据与其他中东国家报告的数据进行了比较。
这项回顾性研究依赖于从希瓦医院癌症登记处、苏莱曼尼亚所有教学医院的死亡记录和组织病理学报告中收集的数据，采用国际疾病分类。
在八年期间共登记了8031例病例，所有年龄组的年发病率从38例/10万人口/年上升至61.7例/10万人口/年，男性平均超过50例，女性为50.7例。所有年龄组的男女比例为0.98，而在儿童年龄组中为1.33。所有年龄组的血液系统恶性肿瘤占20%，但在儿童组中约占所有癌症病例的一半。儿童癌症占所有癌症的7%，男孩发病率为10.3，女孩为8.7。按原发部位划分，最常见的恶性肿瘤是白血病、淋巴瘤、脑癌、肾癌和骨癌。在所有年龄组的男性中，依次为肺癌、白血病、淋巴瘤、结直肠癌、前列腺癌、膀胱癌、脑癌、胃癌、原发性不明癌（CUP）和皮肤癌，而在女性中依次为乳腺癌、白血病、淋巴瘤、结直肠癌、卵巢癌、肺癌、脑癌、CUP和胃癌。除乳腺癌在老年时发病率下降外，大多数癌症发病率随年龄增长而上升。白血病、肺癌、淋巴瘤、结直肠癌、乳腺癌和胃癌的死亡率较高。
我们发现，在研究期间癌症年发病率有所上升，这是由于癌症随年龄增长以及血液系统恶性肿瘤发病率较高所致。我们的研究对库尔德斯坦和伊拉克很有价值，因为它提供了有关我们地区癌症确切模式和死亡率的更准确数据。
