Luque-Almagro Víctor M, Moreno-Vivián Conrado, Roldán María Dolores
Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Edificio Severo Ochoa, 1ª Planta, Campus de Rabanales, Universidad de Córdoba, 14071 Córdoba, Spain.
Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Edificio Severo Ochoa, 1ª Planta, Campus de Rabanales, Universidad de Córdoba, 14071 Córdoba, Spain.
Curr Opin Biotechnol. 2016 Apr;38:9-13. doi: 10.1016/j.copbio.2015.12.004. Epub 2015 Dec 31.
Cyanide, one of the known most toxic chemicals, is widely used in mining and jewellery industries for gold extraction and recovery from crushed ores or electroplating residues. Cyanide toxicity occurs because this compound strongly binds to metals, inactivating metalloenzymes such as cytochrome c oxidase. Despite the toxicity of cyanide, cyanotrophic microorganisms such as the alkaliphilic bacterium Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes CECT5344 may use cyanide and its derivatives as a nitrogen source for growth, making biodegradation of cyanurated industrial waste possible. Genomic, transcriptomic and proteomic techniques applied to cyanide biodegradation ('cyan-omics') provide a holistic view that increases the global insights into the genetic background of cyanotrophic microorganisms that could be used for biodegradation of industrial cyanurated wastes and other biotechnological applications.
氰化物是已知毒性最强的化学物质之一，在采矿业和珠宝行业中被广泛用于从粉碎的矿石或电镀残渣中提取和回收黄金。氰化物具有毒性，是因为这种化合物能与金属紧密结合，使细胞色素c氧化酶等金属酶失活。尽管氰化物有毒，但嗜氰微生物，如嗜碱细菌假产碱假单胞菌CECT5344，可能会利用氰化物及其衍生物作为生长的氮源，从而使氰化工业废物的生物降解成为可能。应用于氰化物生物降解（“氰组学”）的基因组学、转录组学和蛋白质组学技术提供了一个整体视角，能增强我们对可用于工业氰化废物生物降解及其他生物技术应用的嗜氰微生物遗传背景的全面认识。
