Dig Liver Dis. 2016 Feb;48(2):120-37. doi: 10.1016/j.dld.2015.11.004. Epub 2015 Nov 14.
The relationship between liver disease and pregnancy is of great clinical impact. Severe liver disease in pregnancy is rare; however, pregnancy-related liver disease is the most frequent cause of liver dysfunction during pregnancy and represents a severe threat to foetal and maternal survival. A rapid differential diagnosis between liver disease related or unrelated to pregnancy is required in women who present with liver dysfunction during pregnancy. This report summarizes the recommendation of an expert panel established by the Italian Association for the Study of the Liver (AISF) on the management of liver disease during pregnancy. The article provides an overview of liver disease occurring in pregnancy, an update on the key mechanisms involved in its pathogenesis, and an assessment of the available treatment options. The report contains in three sections: (1) specific liver diseases of pregnancy; (2) liver disease occurring during pregnancy; and (3) pregnancy in patients with pre-existing chronic liver disease. Each topic is discussed considering the most relevant data available in literature; the final statements are formulated according to both scientific evidence and clinical expertise of the involved physicians, and the AISF expert panel recommendations are reported.
肝脏疾病与妊娠之间的关系具有重大临床影响。妊娠期严重肝脏疾病较为罕见；然而，妊娠相关肝脏疾病是孕期肝功能障碍最常见的原因，对胎儿和母亲的生存构成严重威胁。对于孕期出现肝功能障碍的女性，需要快速鉴别与妊娠相关或无关的肝脏疾病。本报告总结了意大利肝脏研究协会（AISF）成立的专家小组关于妊娠期肝脏疾病管理的建议。本文概述了妊娠期发生的肝脏疾病，更新了其发病机制的关键机制，并评估了可用的治疗方案。报告分为三个部分：（1）妊娠期特定肝脏疾病；（2）孕期发生的肝脏疾病；（3）已有慢性肝脏疾病患者的妊娠。每个主题均结合文献中最相关的数据进行讨论；最终声明根据相关医生的科学证据和临床专业知识制定，并报告了AISF专家小组的建议。
