Shawahna Ramzi, Masri Dina, Al-Gharabeh Rawan, Deek Rawan, Al-Thayba Lama, Halaweh Masa
Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah BioSciences Unit, Center for Poisons Control, Chemical and Biological Analyses, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine.
Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine.
J Clin Nurs. 2016 Feb;25(3-4):412-23. doi: 10.1111/jocn.13062. Epub 2016 Jan 7.
To develop and achieve formal consensus on a definition of medication administration errors and scenarios that should or should not be considered as medication administration errors in hospitalised patient settings.
Medication administration errors occur frequently in hospitalised patient settings. Currently, there is no formal consensus on a definition of medication administration errors or scenarios that should or should not be considered as medication administration errors.
This was a descriptive study using Delphi technique.
A panel of experts (n = 50) recruited from major hospitals, nursing schools and universities in Palestine took part in the study. Three Delphi rounds were followed to achieve consensus on a proposed definition of medication administration errors and a series of 61 scenarios representing potential medication administration error situations formulated into a questionnaire.
In the first Delphi round, key contact nurses' views on medication administration errors were explored. In the second Delphi round, consensus was achieved to accept the proposed definition of medication administration errors and to include 36 (59%) scenarios and exclude 1 (1·6%) as medication administration errors. In the third Delphi round, consensus was achieved to consider further 14 (23%) and exclude 2 (3·3%) as medication administration errors while the remaining eight (13·1%) were considered equivocal. Of the 61 scenarios included in the Delphi process, experts decided to include 50 scenarios as medication administration errors, exclude three scenarios and include or exclude eight scenarios depending on the individual clinical situation.
Consensus on a definition and scenarios representing medication administration errors can be achieved using formal consensus techniques.
Researchers should be aware that using different definitions of medication administration errors, inclusion or exclusion of medication administration error situations could significantly affect the rate of medication administration errors reported in their studies. Consensual definitions and medication administration error situations can be used in future epidemiology studies investigating medication administration errors in hospitalised patient settings which may permit and promote direct comparisons of different studies.
针对住院患者环境下用药错误的定义以及应被视为或不应被视为用药错误的情形，形成并达成正式共识。
住院患者环境中频繁发生用药错误。目前，对于用药错误的定义或应被视为或不应被视为用药错误的情形，尚无正式共识。
这是一项采用德尔菲技术的描述性研究。
从巴勒斯坦的主要医院、护理学校和大学招募了一个专家小组（n = 50）参与研究。进行了三轮德尔菲调查，以就用药错误的拟议定义以及编制成问卷的一系列61种代表潜在用药错误情况的情形达成共识。
在第一轮德尔菲调查中，探讨了关键联络护士对用药错误的看法。在第二轮德尔菲调查中，达成共识，接受用药错误的拟议定义，并将36种（59%）情形列为用药错误，排除1种（1.6%）情形作为用药错误。在第三轮德尔菲调查中，达成共识，将另外14种（23%）情形视为用药错误，排除2种（3.3%）情形作为用药错误，而其余8种（13.1%）情形被视为不明确。在德尔菲过程纳入的61种情形中，专家们决定将50种情形列为用药错误，排除3种情形，并根据个体临床情况将8种情形列为或不列为用药错误。
使用正式的共识技术可以就用药错误的定义和情形达成共识。
研究人员应意识到，使用不同的用药错误定义、纳入或排除用药错误情况可能会显著影响其研究中报告的用药错误发生率。共识性定义和用药错误情况可用于未来调查住院患者环境中用药错误的流行病学研究，这可能允许并促进不同研究之间的直接比较。
