Sacristán Carlos, Réssio Rodrigo Albergaria, Castilho Pedro, Fernandes Natália, Costa-Silva Samira, Esperón Fernando, Daura-Jorge Fábio Gonçalves, Groch Kátia R, Kolesnikovas Cristiane K M, Marigo Juliana, Ott Paulo Henrique, Oliveira Larissa Rosa, Sánchez-Sarmiento Angélica María, Simões-Lopes Paulo C, Catão-Dias José Luiz
Departamento de Patologia, Laboratório de Patologia Comparada de Animais Selvagens, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo (LAPCOM-VPT-FMVZ-USP), Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, SP 05508 270, Brazil.
Dis Aquat Organ. 2016 Jan 13;117(3):229-35. doi: 10.3354/dao02954.
Cetacean lacaziosis-like disease or lobomycosis-like disease (LLD) is a chronic skin condition caused by a non-cultivable yeast of the order Onygenales, which also includes Lacazia loboi, as well as Paracoccidioides brasiliensis and P. lutzii, respectively responsible for lacaziosis and paracoccidioidomycosis in humans. Complete identification and phylogenetic classification of the LLD etiological agent still needs to be elucidated, but preliminary phylogenetic analyses have shown a closer relationship of the LLD agent to Paracoccidioides spp. than to L. loboi. Cases of LLD in South American cetaceans based on photographic identification have been reported; however, to date, only 3 histologically confirmed cases of LLD have been described. We evaluated multiple tissue samples from 4 Tursiops truncatus stranded in the states of Santa Catarina (n = 3) and Rio Grande do Sul (n = 1), southern Brazil. Macroscopically, all animals presented lesions consistent with LLD. Hematoxylin-eosin, periodic acid-Schiff, Grocott's methenamine silver, and Mayer's mucicarmin stains were used for histological evaluation. Microscopically, numerous refractile yeasts (4-9 µm in diameter) were observed in skin samples (4/4), and for the first time in dolphins, also in a skeletal muscle abscess (1/4). Immunohistochemistry using anti-P. brasiliensis glycoprotein gp43 as a primary antibody, which is known to cross-react with L. loboi and the LLD agent, was performed and results were positive in all 4 cases. We describe 3 new cases of LLD in cetaceans based on histopathology and immunohistochemistry. This is the first report of LLD in the muscle of cetaceans.
鲸类类拉卡济亚病或类芽生菌病（LLD）是一种慢性皮肤疾病，由一种不可培养的、属于爪甲团囊菌目的酵母菌引起，该目还包括拉卡济亚菌（Lacazia loboi）以及巴西副球孢子菌（Paracoccidioides brasiliensis）和卢茨副球孢子菌（P. lutzii），它们分别导致人类的拉卡济亚病和副球孢子菌病。LLD病原体的完整鉴定和系统发育分类仍有待阐明，但初步的系统发育分析表明，LLD病原体与副球孢子菌属的关系比与拉卡济亚菌更近。基于照片识别的南美鲸类LLD病例已有报道；然而，迄今为止，仅描述了3例经组织学确诊的LLD病例。我们评估了4头搁浅在巴西南部圣卡塔琳娜州（n = 3）和南里奥格兰德州（n = 1）的宽吻海豚（Tursiops truncatus）的多个组织样本。宏观上，所有动物均呈现与LLD一致的病变。苏木精 - 伊红染色、过碘酸 - 希夫染色、格罗科特六胺银染色和迈耶黏液胭脂红染色用于组织学评估。微观上，在皮肤样本（4/4）中观察到大量折光性酵母（直径4 - 9 µm），并且在海豚中首次在骨骼肌脓肿（1/4）中也观察到。使用抗巴西副球孢子菌糖蛋白gp43作为一抗进行免疫组织化学检测，已知该抗体与拉卡济亚菌和LLD病原体存在交叉反应，所有4例结果均为阳性。我们基于组织病理学和免疫组织化学描述了3例鲸类LLD新病例。这是鲸类肌肉中LLD的首次报道。
