Charbonneau Johanne, Cloutier Marie-Soleil, Carrier Élianne
Social Aspect of Blood Donation, INRS, Montreal, QC, Canada.
Social Aspect of Blood Donation, INRS, Montreal, QC, Canada.
Transfus Med Rev. 2016 Jan;30(1):1-5. doi: 10.1016/j.tmrv.2015.12.001. Epub 2015 Dec 15.
Finding effective ways to retain blood donors is crucial. This study seeks to compare, in a context of a voluntary and nonremunerated system, donor demographics and deterrents to blood donation among plasma/platelet donors (PPDs), regular whole blood donors (WBDs), and lapsed whole blood donors (LWBD). Among 1879 participants to a survey on motivations, time use, and blood donation, 207 WBDs (26%) and 148 PPDs (31%) said that they reduced their donation frequency over the last 5 years. Participants to this survey also included 609 LWBDs, who did not donate in the past 5 years. We asked about reasons why they reduce or cease to donate blood and demographic variables. χ(2) Tests were completed to determine which deterrents stand out across the 3 blood donor groups. The deterrent indicating the highest percentage was "time constraints related to work or studies" (43% for all respondents). Comparison of WBDs, LWBDs, and PPDs shows that results for 7 deterrents were statistically different between the 3 groups. Obstacles to donating blood also vary based on sex, age (life course), and level of education. Blood collection agencies should consider developing new retention strategies tailored to blood donors, taking into account the specific profiles of female/male donors, events that typically occur at various stages of life, and particular challenges associated with differences in levels of education.
找到有效的方法来留住献血者至关重要。本研究旨在比较在自愿无偿献血系统背景下，血浆/血小板捐献者（PPD）、定期全血捐献者（WBD）和既往全血捐献者（LWBD）的捐献者人口统计学特征以及献血的阻碍因素。在一项关于动机、时间利用和献血的调查的1879名参与者中，207名WBD（26%）和148名PPD（31%）表示他们在过去5年中降低了献血频率。该调查的参与者还包括609名LWBD，他们在过去5年中没有献血。我们询问了他们减少或停止献血的原因以及人口统计学变量。完成了χ(2)检验以确定在这3个献血者群体中哪些阻碍因素最为突出。占比最高的阻碍因素是“与工作或学习相关的时间限制”（所有受访者中占43%）。WBD、LWBD和PPD的比较表明，3组之间7个阻碍因素的结果在统计学上存在差异。献血的障碍也因性别、年龄（生命历程）和教育水平而异。采血机构应考虑制定针对献血者的新的保留策略，同时考虑到女性/男性献血者的具体特征、生命不同阶段通常发生的事件以及与教育水平差异相关的特殊挑战。
