Ibrahim Ibrahim Abdel Aziz, Abdulla Mahmood Ameen, Hajrezaie Maryam, Bader Ammar, Shahzad Naiyer, Al-Ghamdi Saeed S, Gushash Ahmad S, Hasanpourghadi Mohadeseh
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia.
Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Drug Des Devel Ther. 2015 Dec 30;10:93-105. doi: 10.2147/DDDT.S91247. eCollection 2016.
Monolluma quadrangula (Forssk.) Plowes is used in Saudi traditional medicines to treat gastric ulcers. The hydroalcoholic extract of M. quadrangula (MHAE) was used in an in vivo model to investigate its gastroprotective effects against ethanol-induced acute gastric lesions in rats. Five groups of Sprague Dawley rats were used. The first group was treated with 10% Tween 20 as a control. The other four groups included rats treated with absolute ethanol (5 mL/kg) to induce an ulcer, rats treated with 20 mg/kg omeprazole as a reference drug, and rats treated with 150 or 300 mg/kg MHAE. One hour later, the rats were administered absolute ethanol (5 mL/kg) orally. Animals fed with MHAE exhibited a significantly increased pH, gastric wall mucus, and flattening of the gastric mucosa, as well as a decreased area of gastric mucosal damage. Histology confirmed the results; extensive destruction of the gastric mucosa was observed in the ulcer control group, and the lesions penetrated deep into the gastric mucosa with leukocyte infiltration of the submucosal layer and edema. However, gastric protection was observed in the rats pre-fed with plant extracts. Periodic acid-Schiff staining of the gastric wall revealed a remarkably intensive uptake of magenta color in the experimental rats pretreated with MHAE compared to the ulcer control group. Immunohistochemistry staining revealed an upregulation of the Hsp70 protein and a downregulation of the Bax protein in rats pretreated with MHAE compared with the control rats. Gastric homogenate showed significantly increased catalase and superoxide dismutase, and the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) was reduced in the rats pretreated with MHAE compared to the control group. In conclusion, MHAE exhibited a gastroprotective effect against ethanol-induced gastric mucosal injury in rats. The mechanism of this gastroprotection included an increase in pH and gastric wall mucus, an increase in endogenous enzymes, and a decrease in the level of MDA. Furthermore, protection was given through the upregulation of Hsp70 and the downregulation of Bax proteins.
四角单柱仙人掌（Forssk.）Plowes被用于沙特传统药物中治疗胃溃疡。四角单柱仙人掌水醇提取物（MHAE）在体内模型中用于研究其对大鼠乙醇诱导的急性胃损伤的胃保护作用。使用了五组斯普拉格-道利大鼠。第一组用10%吐温20作为对照进行处理。其他四组包括用无水乙醇（5 mL/kg）诱导溃疡的大鼠、用20 mg/kg奥美拉唑作为参比药物处理的大鼠以及用150或300 mg/kg MHAE处理的大鼠。一小时后，给大鼠口服无水乙醇（5 mL/kg）。用MHAE喂养的动物表现出pH值显著升高、胃壁黏液增加、胃黏膜扁平化，以及胃黏膜损伤面积减小。组织学证实了这些结果；在溃疡对照组中观察到胃黏膜广泛破坏，病变深入胃黏膜，黏膜下层有白细胞浸润和水肿。然而，在预先用植物提取物喂养的大鼠中观察到了胃保护作用。胃壁的过碘酸-希夫染色显示，与溃疡对照组相比，用MHAE预处理的实验大鼠中品红色摄取显著增强。免疫组织化学染色显示，与对照大鼠相比，用MHAE预处理的大鼠中Hsp70蛋白上调，Bax蛋白下调。胃匀浆显示过氧化氢酶和超氧化物歧化酶显著增加，与对照组相比，用MHAE预处理的大鼠中丙二醛（MDA）水平降低。总之，MHAE对大鼠乙醇诱导的胃黏膜损伤具有胃保护作用。这种胃保护作用的机制包括pH值和胃壁黏液增加、内源性酶增加以及MDA水平降低。此外，通过上调Hsp70和下调Bax蛋白提供了保护。
