Chen Danhong, Wu Li-Tzy
Epidemiol Rev. 2016;38(1):46-61. doi: 10.1093/epirev/mxv013. Epub 2016 Jan 13.
Gun-related violence is a public health concern. This study synthesizes findings on associations between substance use and gun-related behaviors. Searches through PubMed, Embase, and PsycINFO located 66 studies published in English between 1992 and 2014. Most studies found a significant bivariate association between substance use and increased odds of gun-related behaviors. However, their association after adjustment was mixed, which could be attributed to a number of factors such as variations in definitions of substance use and gun activity, study design, sample demographics, and the specific covariates considered. Fewer studies identified a significant association between substance use and gun access/possession than other gun activities. The significant association between nonsubstance covariates (e.g., demographic covariates and other behavioral risk factors) and gun-related behaviors might have moderated the association between substance use and gun activities. Particularly, the strength of association between substance use and gun activities tended to reduce appreciably or to become nonsignificant after adjustment for mental disorders. Some studies indicated a positive association between the frequency of substance use and the odds of engaging in gun-related behaviors. Overall, the results suggest a need to consider substance use in research and prevention programs for gun-related violence.
涉枪暴力是一个公共卫生问题。本研究综合了关于物质使用与涉枪行为之间关联的研究结果。通过检索PubMed、Embase和PsycINFO数据库，找到了1992年至2014年间以英文发表的66项研究。大多数研究发现物质使用与涉枪行为几率增加之间存在显著的双变量关联。然而，调整后的关联结果不一，这可能归因于多种因素，如物质使用和涉枪活动定义的差异、研究设计、样本人口统计学特征以及所考虑的特定协变量。与其他涉枪活动相比，较少有研究发现物质使用与枪支获取/持有之间存在显著关联。非物质协变量（如人口统计学协变量和其他行为风险因素）与涉枪行为之间的显著关联可能会调节物质使用与涉枪活动之间的关联。特别是，在对精神障碍进行调整后，物质使用与涉枪活动之间的关联强度往往会明显降低或变得不显著。一些研究表明物质使用频率与涉枪行为几率之间存在正相关。总体而言，研究结果表明在涉枪暴力的研究和预防项目中需要考虑物质使用因素。
