Nam Eun Woo, Sharma Bimala, Kim Ha Yun, Paja Doris Jackeline Vasquez, Yoon Young Min, Lee Sun Ha, Kim Eun Hwan, Oh Chung Hyeon, Kim Yun Seop, Song Chang Hoon, Kim Jong Koo
Yonsei Global Health Center, Yonsei University, Wonju, Korea; Institute for Poverty Alleviation and International Development, Yonsei University, Wonju, Korea; Department of Health Administration, Graduate School, Yonsei University, Korea.
Yonsei Global Health Center, Yonsei University, Wonju, Korea; Department of Health Administration, Graduate School, Yonsei University, Korea.
J Lifestyle Med. 2015 Sep;5(2):60-7. doi: 10.15280/jlm.2015.5.2.60. Epub 2015 Sep 30.
Adolescent obesity and hypertension are global public health issues. The burden of adolescent obesity and hypertension in Peru is unclear. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of obesity and hypertension and their relationship among school-attending adolescents and to assess the need for health-promoting school programs in the study area.
A cross-sectional school-based survey was conducted in a randomly selected sample of 952 secondary school adolescents from 11 schools in Lima or Callao, Peru, in 2014. Weight, height, and blood pressure (BP) were measured and categorized. Obesity was defined as ≥ 95(th) percentile in body mass index (BMI) for age and sex. Hypertension was defined as average systolic blood pressure and/or diastolic blood pressure ≥95(th) percentile in BP for sex, age, and height. Chi-square test and univariate logistic regressions were used at a 5% significance level to determine the relationship between BMI and BP category.
The mean age of subjects was 14.6 years; 46.4% were boys and 53.6% were girls. The prevalence of overweight and obesity was 20.2% and 9.5% overall, 17.4% and 11.1% for boys, and 22.5% and 8.0% for girls, respectively. The prevalence of hypertension was 26.7% overall, 34.8% for boys, and 19.6% for girls. In both sexes, BMI was strongly associated with BP (p < 0.01).
The prevalence of obesity and hypertension observed in the study area is relatively high. Overweight and obesity are strongly associated with BP status among adolescents. Health-promoting school programs may reduce the burdens of obesity and hypertension among school-going adolescents.
青少年肥胖和高血压是全球性的公共卫生问题。秘鲁青少年肥胖和高血压的负担尚不清楚。本研究的目的是确定在校青少年中肥胖和高血压的患病率及其关系，并评估研究地区促进健康的学校项目的必要性。
2014年，在秘鲁利马或卡亚俄的11所学校中随机抽取了952名中学生作为样本，进行了一项基于学校的横断面调查。测量并分类体重、身高和血压（BP）。肥胖定义为年龄和性别的体重指数（BMI）≥第95百分位数。高血压定义为按性别、年龄和身高划分的血压中平均收缩压和/或舒张压≥第95百分位数。采用卡方检验和单因素逻辑回归，在5%的显著性水平下确定BMI与血压类别之间的关系。
受试者的平均年龄为14.6岁；46.4%为男孩，53.6%为女孩。超重和肥胖的总体患病率分别为20.2%和9.5%，男孩为17.4%和11.1%，女孩为22.5%和8.0%。高血压的总体患病率为26.7%，男孩为34.8%，女孩为19.6%。在两性中，BMI与血压密切相关（p<0.01）。
研究地区观察到的肥胖和高血压患病率相对较高。超重和肥胖与青少年的血压状况密切相关。促进健康的学校项目可能会减轻在校青少年肥胖和高血压的负担。
