Innes Kim E, Selfe Terry Kit
Department of Epidemiology, West Virginia University School of Public Health, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA; Center for the Study of Complementary and Alternative Therapies, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA.
J Diabetes Res. 2016;2016:6979370. doi: 10.1155/2016/6979370. Epub 2015 Dec 14.
A growing body of evidence suggests yogic practices may benefit adults with type 2 diabetes (DM2). In this systematic review, we evaluate available evidence from prospective controlled trials regarding the effects of yoga-based programs on specific health outcomes pertinent to DM2 management. To identify qualifying studies, we searched nine databases and scanned bibliographies of relevant review papers and all identified articles. Controlled trials that did not target adults with diabetes, included only adults with type 1 diabetes, were under two-week duration, or did not include quantitative outcome data were excluded. Study quality was evaluated using the PEDro scale. Thirty-three papers reporting findings from 25 controlled trials (13 nonrandomized, 12 randomized) met our inclusion criteria (N = 2170 participants). Collectively, findings suggest that yogic practices may promote significant improvements in several indices of importance in DM2 management, including glycemic control, lipid levels, and body composition. More limited data suggest that yoga may also lower oxidative stress and blood pressure; enhance pulmonary and autonomic function, mood, sleep, and quality of life; and reduce medication use in adults with DM2. However, given the methodological limitations of existing studies, additional high-quality investigations are required to confirm and further elucidate the potential benefits of yoga programs in populations with DM2.
越来越多的证据表明，瑜伽练习可能对2型糖尿病（DM2）成人患者有益。在这项系统评价中，我们评估了前瞻性对照试验中关于基于瑜伽的项目对与DM2管理相关的特定健康结局影响的现有证据。为了确定符合条件的研究，我们检索了九个数据库，并浏览了相关综述论文和所有已识别文章的参考文献。未针对糖尿病成人患者、仅纳入1型糖尿病成人患者、持续时间不足两周或未包括定量结局数据的对照试验被排除。使用PEDro量表评估研究质量。33篇报告25项对照试验（13项非随机、12项随机）结果的论文符合我们的纳入标准（N = 2170名参与者）。总体而言，研究结果表明，瑜伽练习可能会显著改善DM2管理中几个重要指标，包括血糖控制、血脂水平和身体成分。更有限的数据表明，瑜伽还可能降低氧化应激和血压；增强肺功能和自主神经功能、改善情绪、睡眠和生活质量；并减少DM2成人患者的药物使用。然而，鉴于现有研究的方法学局限性，需要更多高质量的调查来证实并进一步阐明瑜伽项目对DM2人群的潜在益处。
