Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
Plant Cell Rep. 2016 May;35(5):1009-20. doi: 10.1007/s00299-016-1934-x. Epub 2016 Jan 21.
Acetic acid acts as a signal molecule, strongly enhancing xanthone biosynthesis in Hypericum perforatum root cultures. This activity is specific, as demonstrated by the comparison with other short-chain monocarboxylic acids. We have recently demonstrated that Hypericum perforatum root cultures constitutively produce xanthones at higher levels than the root of the plant and that they respond to chitosan (CHIT) elicitation with a noteworthy increase in xanthone production. In the present study, CHIT was administered to H. perforatum root cultures using three different elicitation protocols, and the increase in xanthone production was evaluated. The best results (550 % xanthone increase) were obtained by subjecting the roots to a single elicitation with 200 mg l(-1) CHIT and maintaining the elicitor in the culture medium for 7 days. To discriminate the effect of CHIT from that of the solvent, control experiments were performed by administering AcOH alone at the same concentration used for CHIT solubilization. Unexpectedly, AcOH caused an increase in xanthone production comparable to that observed in response to CHIT. Feeding experiments with (13)C-labeled AcOH demonstrated that this compound was not incorporated into the xanthone skeleton. Other short-chain monocarboxylic acids (i.e., propionic and butyric acid) have little or no effect on the production of xanthones. These results indicate that AcOH acts as a specific signal molecule, able to greatly enhance xanthone biosynthesis in H. perforatum root cultures.
乙酸作为一种信号分子，强烈促进贯叶连翘根培养物中紫檀芪的生物合成。这种活性是特异性的，这可以通过与其他短链一元羧酸的比较来证明。我们最近证明，贯叶连翘根培养物以比植物根更高的水平持续产生紫檀芪，并且它们对壳聚糖（CHIT）的刺激以显著增加紫檀芪的产生而作出反应。在本研究中，使用三种不同的激发方案将 CHIT 施用于贯叶连翘根培养物，并评估了紫檀芪产量的增加。通过用 200mg·l（-1）CHIT 对根进行单次激发，并将激发剂在培养基中维持 7 天，获得了最佳结果（紫檀芪增加 550%）。为了区分 CHIT 的作用和溶剂的作用，通过单独给予与 CHIT 溶解相同浓度的 AcOH 进行对照实验。出乎意料的是，AcOH 引起的紫檀芪产量增加与对 CHIT 响应观察到的增加相当。用（13）C 标记的 AcOH 进行的喂养实验表明，该化合物未掺入紫檀芪骨架中。其他短链一元羧酸（即丙酸和丁酸）对紫檀芪的产生几乎没有影响或没有影响。这些结果表明，AcOH 作为一种特异性信号分子，能够极大地增强贯叶连翘根培养物中紫檀芪的生物合成。
