Gimenez M
Laboratoire de Physiologie de l'Exercise Musculaire, INSERM, Vandoeuvre les Nancy, France.
Eur Respir J Suppl. 1989 Jul;7:611s-617s.
Some studies concerning the effects of specific and non-specific techniques of respiratory muscle training and new strategies in exercise training of both skeletal and respiratory muscles, are reviewed. Breathing and exercise training show some evidence of improved gas exchange. Breathing through an inspiratory resistance has some advantages but also disadvantages. This technique has caused immediate hypoxaemia and pulmonary arterial hypertension in one third of the subjects studied. High intensity exercise with correspondingly high levels of ventilation may induce improvements in ventilatory muscle function. Two new techniques are described: the "above anaerobic threshold 40 min constant exercise" and the "45 min square-wave endurance exercise test" (SWEET), simulating an interval-training session. The effects on the cardiorespiratory, metabolic, arterial blood gases and acid base balance responses, were measured in normal subjects and in patients with chronic airway obstruction (CAO). After training, the magnitude of ventilation (VE) reduction was correlated with the reduction in end-exercise lactate. In addition, maximal ventilation and maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max) can increase after training. Finally, an interesting hypothesis is proposed about the use of arm-training.
本文综述了一些关于呼吸肌训练的特异性和非特异性技术以及骨骼肌和呼吸肌运动训练新策略效果的研究。呼吸训练和运动训练显示出一些气体交换改善的证据。通过吸气阻力进行呼吸有一些优点，但也有缺点。在三分之一的研究对象中，这种技术导致了即刻低氧血症和肺动脉高压。高强度运动以及相应高水平的通气可能会改善通气肌肉功能。文中描述了两种新技术：“高于无氧阈40分钟持续运动”和“45分钟方波耐力运动试验”（SWEET），模拟间歇训练课程。在正常受试者和慢性气道阻塞（CAO）患者中测量了对心肺、代谢、动脉血气和酸碱平衡反应的影响。训练后，通气量（VE）降低的幅度与运动结束时乳酸的降低相关。此外，训练后最大通气量和最大耗氧量（VO2max）可以增加。最后，提出了一个关于手臂训练用途的有趣假设。
