Department of Biomaterials, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Sweden; The Brånemark Clinic, Institute of Odontology, Public Dental Health Care, Gothenburg, Sweden; BIOMATCELL VINN Excellence Center of Biomaterials and Cell Therapy, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Department of Biomaterials, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Sweden; BIOMATCELL VINN Excellence Center of Biomaterials and Cell Therapy, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Biomaterials. 2016 Apr;84:167-183. doi: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2016.01.034. Epub 2016 Jan 19.
The working hypothesis of guided bone regeneration (GBR) is that the membrane physically excludes non-osteogenic tissues from interfering with bone healing. However, the underlying mechanisms are insufficiently explained. This study aimed to investigate the molecular and structural pattern of bone healing in trabecular bone defects, with and without naturally derived resorbable membrane. Defects were created in rat femurs and treated with the membrane or left empty (sham). After 3d, 6d and 28d, the defect sites and membranes were harvested and analyzed with histology, histomorphometry, quantitative-polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), Western blot (WB) and immunohistochemistry (IHC). Histomorphometry demonstrated that the presence of the membrane promoted bone formation in early and late periods. This was in parallel with upregulation of cell recruitment and coupled bone remodeling genes in the defect. Cells recruited into the membrane expressed signals for bone regeneration (BMP-2, FGF-2, TGF-β1 and VEGF). Whereas the native membrane contained FGF-2 but not BMP-2, an accumulation of FGF-2 and BMP-2 proteins and immunoreactive cells were demonstrated by WB and IHC in the in vivo implanted membrane. The results provide cellular and molecular evidence suggesting a novel role for the membrane during GBR, by acting as a bioactive compartment rather than a passive barrier.
引导骨再生（GBR）的工作假说认为，膜在物理上阻止非成骨组织干扰骨愈合。然而，其潜在机制还没有得到充分的解释。本研究旨在探讨有无天然可吸收膜的情况下，小梁骨缺损中骨愈合的分子和结构模式。在大鼠股骨中创建了缺陷，并使用膜或不处理（假手术）进行处理。在 3d、6d 和 28d 后，收获缺陷部位和膜，并通过组织学、组织形态计量学、定量聚合酶链反应（qPCR）、Western blot（WB）和免疫组织化学（IHC）进行分析。组织形态计量学表明，膜的存在促进了早期和晚期的骨形成。这与缺陷中细胞募集和偶联的骨重塑基因的上调平行。募集到膜中的细胞表达了骨再生的信号（BMP-2、FGF-2、TGF-β1 和 VEGF）。而天然膜中含有 FGF-2 但不含 BMP-2，通过 WB 和 IHC 在体内植入的膜中证明了 FGF-2 和 BMP-2 蛋白和免疫反应性细胞的积累。这些结果提供了细胞和分子证据，表明膜在 GBR 中具有新的作用，膜作为一个生物活性隔室，而不是一个被动屏障。
