Flippen Chenoa A, Parrado Emilio A
University of Pennsylvania.
Int Migr Rev. 2015 Spring;49(1):232-259. doi: 10.1111/imre.12156. Epub 2015 Mar 26.
Even though women have long participated in Mexico-U.S. migration studies assessing the labor market implications of international mobility for women are rare. Especially lacking are studies that follow a life-course approach and compare employment trajectories across contexts and in connection with other transitions. Using life-history data collected in Mexico and the United States, we explore the impact of migration on women's employment, focusing on how the determinants of employment vary across contexts. We show that U.S. residence eliminates or even reverses the employment returns to education found in Mexico, and that the constraints imposed on women's work by marriage are actually stronger in the U.S.
We also explicitly connect migration to other life-course events, documenting how the impact of context varies not only by marital status but also by where women's unions were formed.
尽管长期以来女性一直参与墨西哥与美国之间的移民研究，但评估国际流动对女性劳动力市场影响的研究却很少见。尤其缺乏的是采用生命历程方法并比较不同背景下以及与其他转变相关的就业轨迹的研究。利用在墨西哥和美国收集的生命史数据，我们探讨移民对女性就业的影响，重点关注就业决定因素如何因背景而异。我们发现，在美国居住会消除甚至逆转在墨西哥发现的教育带来的就业回报，而且婚姻对女性工作施加的限制在美国实际上更强。
我们还明确将移民与其他生命历程事件联系起来，记录背景的影响不仅如何因婚姻状况而异，还因女性建立婚姻关系的地点而异。
