Chandora Rachna, Song Yang, Chaussard Martine, Palipudi Krishna Mohan, Lee Kyung Ah, Ramanandraibe Nivo, Asma Samira
CDC Foundation, 55 Park Place, Suite 400, Atlanta, GA 30324, USA.
Division of Global Health Protection, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, GA, USA.
Prev Med. 2016 Oct;91S:S23-S27. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2016.01.018. Epub 2016 Feb 2.
Tobacco smoking is initiated and established mostly during adolescence. The World Health Organization (WHO) Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC) Article 16 outlines the obligation of parties to prohibit the sale of tobacco products to minors. This study examined where and how student smokers obtain cigarettes.
We examined Global Youth Tobacco Survey (GYTS) data from 2009 to 2011 on cigarette access among students aged 13-15 in six sub-Saharan African countries.
In all countries analyzed, over 20% of student smokers obtained their cigarettes in a store or shop (52.6% in South Africa, 37.7% in Republic of Congo, 28.2% in Swaziland, 27.4% in Cote d'Ivoire, 26.9% in Ghana, and 22.6% in Uganda). In Cote d'Ivoire and South Africa, 68.9% and 68.7% of student cigarette smokers, respectively, were not refused the sale of cigarettes because of age. The percentage of students who were offered free cigarettes by a tobacco company representative ranged from 4.7% in Cote d'Ivoire to 12.1% in South Africa.
The method of obtaining cigarettes and access to cigarettes among students varies among sub-Saharan African countries. Adopting and enforcing interventions that prevent youth from accessing tobacco products could be an effective strategy for reducing smoking initiation among youth in sub-Saharan African countries.
吸烟行为大多在青少年时期开始并形成。世界卫生组织（WHO）《烟草控制框架公约》（FCTC）第16条概述了各缔约方有义务禁止向未成年人销售烟草制品。本研究调查了学生吸烟者获取香烟的地点和方式。
我们研究了2009年至2011年全球青少年烟草调查（GYTS）中关于撒哈拉以南非洲六个国家13 - 15岁学生获取香烟情况的数据。
在所有分析的国家中，超过20%的学生吸烟者在商店获取香烟（南非为52.6%，刚果共和国为37.7%，斯威士兰为28.2%，科特迪瓦为27.4%，加纳为26.9%，乌干达为22.6%）。在科特迪瓦和南非，分别有68.9%和68.7%的学生吸烟者未因年龄而被拒售香烟。烟草公司代表向学生提供免费香烟的比例从科特迪瓦的4.7%到南非的12.1%不等。
撒哈拉以南非洲国家学生获取香烟的方式和途径各不相同。采取并实施预防青少年获取烟草制品的干预措施可能是减少撒哈拉以南非洲国家青少年吸烟率的有效策略。
