Alho Ana Margarida, Mouro Sofia, Pissarra Hugo, Murta Ana, Lemos Marta, Gomes Lídia, Lima Clara, de Carvalho Luís Madeira
CIISA, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, ULisboa, Avenida da Universidade Técnica, 1300-477, Lisboa, Portugal.
Small Animal Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, ULisboa, Avenida da Universidade Técnica, 1300-477, Lisboa, Portugal.
Parasitol Res. 2016 Apr;115(4):1721-5. doi: 10.1007/s00436-016-4932-6. Epub 2016 Feb 9.
Nasal eucoleosis is an uncommonly diagnosed parasitic infection in domestic dogs. Depending on the parasite load, dogs with Eucoleus boehmi may exhibit mild upper respiratory signs such as sneezing and nasal discharge or may not exhibit any clinical signs. The present study describes the case of a 6-year-old male dog, presented with reverse sneezing of 2 months' duration and bilateral nasal serous discharge. The patient had been taking prednisolone for years due to an immune mediated arthritis of the carpal joint. Physical examination, complete blood count, serum chemistry and thoracic radiography were unremarkable. A computed tomography scan of the nasal cavity was compatible with bilateral chronic rhinitis of unknown aetiology. Further investigation by rhinoscopy revealed diffuse erythematous mucosae with several white and serpentine-shaped worms on the turbinates' surface. Morphological identification of the worms collected in situ was performed, revealing filiform nematodes (15-30 mm in length) containing several bipolar plugged and barrel-shaped eggs in their medial segment. The eggs contained a multicellular embryo, a pitted surface and measured 54-60 μm long by 30-35 μm wide. Morphological and morphometric characteristics were consistent with E. boehmi. Treatment with imidacloprid/moxidectin spot-on formulation along with preventing measures to minimise reinfection were prescribed and successfully achieved, as confirmed by negative faecal examinations. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this represents the first report of E. boehmi infection in a dog from Portugal. Nasal eucoleosis appears to be underestimated and should be considered as a differential diagnosis in canids suffering from upper respiratory distress.
鼻真圆线虫病是家犬中一种诊断不常见的寄生虫感染。根据寄生虫负荷情况，感染伯氏真圆线虫的犬只可能表现出轻度上呼吸道症状，如打喷嚏和鼻分泌物，也可能不表现出任何临床症状。本研究描述了一只6岁雄性犬的病例，该犬出现了持续2个月的反向喷嚏和双侧鼻浆液性分泌物。由于腕关节免疫介导性关节炎，该患者多年来一直在服用泼尼松龙。体格检查、全血细胞计数、血清化学检查和胸部X线检查均无异常。鼻腔计算机断层扫描与病因不明的双侧慢性鼻炎相符。鼻镜检查进一步发现黏膜弥漫性红斑，鼻甲表面有几条白色蛇形蠕虫。对原位采集的蠕虫进行形态学鉴定，发现为丝状线虫（长度为15 - 30毫米），中段含有几个双极堵塞的桶形虫卵。虫卵含有一个多细胞胚胎，表面有凹坑，长54 - 60微米，宽30 - 35微米。形态学和形态测量特征与伯氏真圆线虫一致。处方使用吡虫啉/莫昔克丁滴剂进行治疗，并采取预防措施以尽量减少再次感染，粪便检查阴性证实治疗成功。据作者所知，这是葡萄牙一只犬感染伯氏真圆线虫的首例报告。鼻真圆线虫病似乎被低估了，在患有上呼吸道窘迫的犬科动物中应将其视为鉴别诊断的一种疾病。
