Turroni Francesca, Milani Christian, Duranti Sabrina, Mancabelli Leonardo, Mangifesta Marta, Viappiani Alice, Lugli Gabriele Andrea, Ferrario Chiara, Gioiosa Laura, Ferrarini Alberto, Li Jia, Palanza Paola, Delledonne Massimo, van Sinderen Douwe, Ventura Marco
APC Microbiome Institute and School of Microbiology, National University of Ireland, Cork, Ireland.
Laboratory of Probiogenomics, Department of Life Sciences, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.
ISME J. 2016 Jul;10(7):1656-68. doi: 10.1038/ismej.2015.236. Epub 2016 Feb 9.
The intricacies of cooperation and competition between microorganisms are poorly investigated for particular components of the gut microbiota. In order to obtain insights into the manner by which different bifidobacterial species coexist in the mammalian gut, we investigated possible interactions between four human gut commensals, Bifidobacterium bifidum PRL2010, Bifidobacterium adolescentis 22L, Bifidobacterium breve 12L and Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis ATCC15697, in the intestine of conventional mice. The generated information revealed various ecological/metabolic strategies, including glycan-harvesting, glycan-breakdown and cross-feeding behavior, adopted by bifidobacteria in the highly competitive environment of the mammalian intestine. Introduction of two or multiple bifidobacterial strains caused a clear shift in the microbiota composition of the murine cecum. Whole-genome transcription profiling coupled with metagenomic analyses of single, dual or multiple associations of bifidobacterial strains revealed an expansion of the murine gut glycobiome toward enzymatic degradation of plant-derived carbohydrates, such as xylan, arabinoxylan, starch and host-derived glycan substrates. Furthermore, these bifidobacterial communities evoked major changes in the metabolomic profile of the microbiota as observed by shifts in short chain fatty acid production and carbohydrate availability in the murine cecum. Overall, these data support an ecological role of bifidobacteria acting directly or through cross-feeding activities in shaping the gut murine microbiome to instigate an enrichment of saccharolytic microbiota.
对于肠道微生物群的特定组成部分，微生物之间合作与竞争的复杂性尚未得到充分研究。为了深入了解不同双歧杆菌物种在哺乳动物肠道中共存的方式，我们研究了四种人体肠道共生菌，即两歧双歧杆菌PRL2010、青春双歧杆菌22L、短双歧杆菌12L和婴儿双歧杆菌亚种婴儿双歧杆菌ATCC15697在常规小鼠肠道中的可能相互作用。所获得的信息揭示了双歧杆菌在哺乳动物肠道这种高度竞争环境中所采用的各种生态/代谢策略，包括聚糖摄取、聚糖分解和交叉喂养行为。引入两种或多种双歧杆菌菌株导致小鼠盲肠微生物群组成发生明显变化。对双歧杆菌菌株的单一、双重或多重组合进行全基因组转录谱分析并结合宏基因组分析，结果显示小鼠肠道糖组向植物源碳水化合物（如木聚糖、阿拉伯木聚糖、淀粉和宿主源聚糖底物）的酶促降解方向扩展。此外，这些双歧杆菌群落引起了微生物群代谢组学特征的重大变化，如小鼠盲肠中短链脂肪酸产量和碳水化合物可用性的变化所示。总体而言，这些数据支持了双歧杆菌在塑造小鼠肠道微生物群以促进糖分解微生物群富集方面直接发挥作用或通过交叉喂养活动发挥作用的生态作用。
