Giroux C N, Dresser M E, Tiano H F
Cellular and Genetic Toxicology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709.
Genome. 1989;31(1):88-94. doi: 10.1139/g89-017.
Both meiosis-specific and general recombination functions, recruited from the mitotic cell cycle, are required for elevated levels of recombination and for chromosome synapsis (assembly of the synaptonemal complex) during yeast meiosis. The meiosis-specific SPO11 gene (previously shown to be required for meiotic recombination) has been isolated and shown to be essential for synaptonemal complex formation but not for DNA metabolism during the vegetative cell cycle. In contrast, the RAD52 gene is required for mitotic and meiotic recombination but not for synaptonemal complex assembly. These data suggest that the synaptonemal complex may be necessary but is clearly not sufficient for meiotic recombination. Cytological analysis of spread meiotic nuclei demonstrates that chromosome behavior in yeast is comparable with that observed in larger eukaryotes. These spread preparations support the immunocytological localization of specific proteins in meiotic nuclei. This combination of genetic, molecular cloning, and cytological approaches in a single experimental system provides a means of addressing the role of specific gene products and nuclear structures in meiotic chromosome behavior.
从有丝分裂细胞周期招募的减数分裂特异性和一般重组功能，对于酵母减数分裂期间重组水平的提高以及染色体联会（联会复合体的组装）都是必需的。减数分裂特异性SPO11基因（先前已证明对减数分裂重组是必需的）已被分离出来，并且已证明对联会复合体的形成至关重要，但对营养细胞周期中的DNA代谢并非必需。相比之下，RAD52基因对有丝分裂和减数分裂重组是必需的，但对联会复合体的组装并非必需。这些数据表明，联会复合体可能是必需的，但显然不足以实现减数分裂重组。对展开的减数分裂细胞核的细胞学分析表明，酵母中的染色体行为与在较大真核生物中观察到的行为相当。这些展开的标本支持了特定蛋白质在减数分裂细胞核中的免疫细胞定位。在单一实验系统中结合使用遗传、分子克隆和细胞学方法，为研究特定基因产物和核结构在减数分裂染色体行为中的作用提供了一种手段。
