White Nicola, Iglesia Cheryl B
Female Pelvic Medicine and Reconstructive Surgery, National Center for Advanced Pelvic Surgery, MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Georgetown University, 106 Irving Street, Northwest, Suite 405 South, Washington, DC 20010, USA.
Section of Female Pelvic Medicine and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Georgetown University School of Medicine, 106 Irving Street, Northwest, Suite 405 South, Washington, DC 20010, USA; Section of Female Pelvic Medicine and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Urology, MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Georgetown University School of Medicine, 106 Irving Street, Northwest, Suite 405 South, Washington, DC 20010, USA.
Obstet Gynecol Clin North Am. 2016 Mar;43(1):59-68. doi: 10.1016/j.ogc.2015.10.002.
Overactive bladder (OAB) is a condition affecting millions of individuals in the United States. Anticholinergics are the mainstay of treatment. Bladder botulinum toxin injections have shown an improvement in symptoms of OAB equivalent to anticholinergic therapy. Percutaneous tibial nerve stimulation can decrease symptoms of urinary frequency and urge incontinence. Sacral neuromodulation for refractory patients has been approved by the Food and Drug Administration for treatment of OAB, urge incontinence, and urinary retention. Few randomized, head-to-head comparisons of the different available alternatives exist; however, patients now have increasing options to manage their symptoms and improve their quality of life.
膀胱过度活动症（OAB）是一种影响美国数百万人的疾病。抗胆碱能药物是主要的治疗方法。膀胱注射肉毒杆菌毒素已显示出对OAB症状的改善效果与抗胆碱能疗法相当。经皮胫神经刺激可以减少尿频和急迫性尿失禁的症状。针对难治性患者的骶神经调节已获美国食品药品监督管理局批准用于治疗OAB、急迫性尿失禁和尿潴留。现有的不同治疗方法之间很少有随机、直接的比较；然而，患者现在有越来越多的选择来控制症状并提高生活质量。
