Liebelt Brandon D, Shingu Takashi, Zhou Xin, Ren Jiangong, Shin Seul A, Hu Jian
Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Houston Methodist Neurological Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
Stem Cells Int. 2016;2016:7849890. doi: 10.1155/2016/7849890. Epub 2016 Jan 6.
Glioblastoma remains the most common and devastating primary brain tumor despite maximal therapy with surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation. The glioma stem cell (GSC) subpopulation has been identified in glioblastoma and likely plays a key role in resistance of these tumors to conventional therapies as well as recurrent disease. GSCs are capable of self-renewal and differentiation; glioblastoma-derived GSCs are capable of de novo tumor formation when implanted in xenograft models. Further, GSCs possess unique surface markers, modulate characteristic signaling pathways to promote tumorigenesis, and play key roles in glioma vascular formation. These features, in addition to microenvironmental factors, present possible targets for specifically directing therapy against the GSC population within glioblastoma. In this review, the authors summarize the current knowledge of GSC biology and function and the role of GSCs in new vascular formation within glioblastoma and discuss potential therapeutic approaches to target GSCs.
尽管采用手术、化疗和放疗等最大限度的治疗方法，胶质母细胞瘤仍然是最常见且具有毁灭性的原发性脑肿瘤。在胶质母细胞瘤中已鉴定出胶质瘤干细胞（GSC）亚群，其可能在这些肿瘤对传统疗法的耐药性以及复发性疾病中起关键作用。GSC具有自我更新和分化能力；源自胶质母细胞瘤的GSC在异种移植模型中植入时能够从头形成肿瘤。此外，GSC具有独特的表面标志物，调节特征性信号通路以促进肿瘤发生，并在胶质瘤血管形成中起关键作用。除了微环境因素外，这些特征为特异性针对胶质母细胞瘤内的GSC群体进行治疗提供了可能的靶点。在这篇综述中，作者总结了目前关于GSC生物学和功能的知识以及GSC在胶质母细胞瘤新血管形成中的作用，并讨论了靶向GSC的潜在治疗方法。
