Department of Pharmacy, David Grant Medical Center, Travis Air Force Base, Fairfield, CA, USA.
Clinical Investigations Facility, David Grant Medical Center, Travis Air Force Base, USA.
J Clin Lipidol. 2016 Jan-Feb;10(1):161-71. doi: 10.1016/j.jacl.2015.10.011. Epub 2015 Nov 2.
Optimizing plasma lipoproteins is the primary goal of pharmacotherapy and diet interventions in people at risk for cardiovascular diseases. Avocados offer a rich source of monounsaturated fat and may pose beneficial effects on the lipid profile.
We aimed to perform a meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials assessing the impact of avocados on TC, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and/or triglycerides (TG).
We searched PUBMED, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, and the Cochrane Database of Systemic Reviews from their inception to February 2015. The weighted mean difference from baseline was calculated for all endpoints. Subgroup analyses were performed to assess heterogeneity, and funnel plots inspected to assess publication bias.
Ten unique studies (n = 229) were included. Avocado consumption significantly reduced TC, LDL-C, and TG by -18.80 mg/dL (95% confidence interval [CI], -24.56 to -13.05; I(2), 46.9%), -16.50 mg/dL (95% CI, -22.91 to -10.10; I(2), 72.5%), -27.20 mg/dL (95% CI, -44.41 to -9.99; I(2), 91.1%) respectively. High-density lipoprotein cholesterol decreased nonsignificantly by -0.18 mg/dL (95% CI, -3.23 to 2.88; I(2), 84.8%).
Avocado-substituted diets significantly decrease TC, LDL-C, and TG levels. Substituting dietary fats with avocados versus adding to the free diet should be the primary recommendation strategy. Larger trials looking at the impact of avocados on major adverse cardiovascular events are warranted.
优化血浆脂蛋白是心血管疾病高危人群药物治疗和饮食干预的主要目标。鳄梨是单不饱和脂肪的丰富来源，可能对血脂谱有有益的影响。
我们旨在进行荟萃分析，评估鳄梨对总胆固醇（TC）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇和/或甘油三酯（TG）的影响的随机临床试验。
我们检索了 PUBMED、Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature、Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature 和 Cochrane Database of Systemic Reviews 从它们的创建到 2015 年 2 月的文献。所有终点均计算自基线的加权均数差。进行亚组分析以评估异质性，并检查漏斗图以评估发表偏倚。
纳入了 10 项独特的研究（n = 229）。鳄梨消费显著降低 TC、LDL-C 和 TG 分别为 -18.80mg/dL（95%置信区间[CI]，-24.56 至-13.05；I(2)，46.9%）、-16.50mg/dL（95%CI，-22.91 至-10.10；I(2)，72.5%）、-27.20mg/dL（95%CI，-44.41 至-9.99；I(2)，91.1%）。高密度脂蛋白胆固醇降低但无统计学意义为-0.18mg/dL（95%CI，-3.23 至 2.88；I(2)，84.8%）。
鳄梨替代饮食可显著降低 TC、LDL-C 和 TG 水平。用鳄梨替代膳食脂肪而不是在自由饮食中添加应是主要的推荐策略。需要更大规模的试验来观察鳄梨对主要不良心血管事件的影响。
