Mishra Sundeep
Professor, Department of Cardiology, AIIMS, New Delhi, India.
Indian Heart J. 2016 Jan-Feb;68(1):19-27. doi: 10.1016/j.ihj.2016.01.003. Epub 2016 Jan 18.
The search for elixir of immortality has yielded mixed results. While some of the interventions like percutaneous coronary interventions and coronary artery bypass grafting have been a huge disappointment at least as far as prolongation of life is concerned, their absolute benefit is meager and that too in very sick patients. Cardiac specific drugs like statins and aspirin have fared slightly better, being useful in patients with manifest coronary artery disease, particularly in sicker populations although even their usefulness in primary prevention is rather low. The only strategies of proven benefit in primary/primordial prevention are pursuing a healthy life-style and its modification when appropriate, like cessation of smoking, weight reduction, increasing physical activity, eating a healthy diet and bringing blood pressure, serum cholesterol, and blood glucose under control.
对长生不老药的探索结果喜忧参半。就延长寿命而言,经皮冠状动脉介入治疗和冠状动脉旁路移植术等一些干预措施令人大失所望,它们的绝对益处微乎其微,而且仅对病情非常严重的患者有效。他汀类药物和阿司匹林等心脏特异性药物的效果稍好一些,对患有明显冠状动脉疾病的患者有用,尤其是在病情较重的人群中,不过它们在一级预防中的效用也相当低。在一级/原级预防中已证实有益的唯一策略是保持健康的生活方式,并在适当的时候进行调整,如戒烟、减重、增加体育活动、健康饮食以及控制血压、血清胆固醇和血糖。