Jiao Shuo, Chen Weimin, Wang Entao, Wang Junman, Liu Zhenshan, Li Yining, Wei Gehong
State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling Shaanxi 712100, P. R. China.
Departamento de Microbiología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, 11340 México, D.F., Mexico.
Sci Rep. 2016 Feb 24;6:21791. doi: 10.1038/srep21791.
As a global problem, environmental pollution is an important factor to shape the microbial communities. The elucidation of the succession of microbial communities in response to pollutants is essential for developing bioremediation procedures. In the present study, ten batches of soil-enrichment subcultures were subjected to four treatments: phenanthrene, n-octadecane, phenanthrene + n-octadecane, or phenanthrene + n-octadecane + CdCl2. Forty pollutant-degrading consortia, corresponding to each batch of the four treatments were obtained. High-throughput sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene revealed that the diversity, richness and evenness of the consortia decreased throughout the subculturing procedure. The well-known hydrocarbon degraders Acinetobacter, Gordonia, Sphingobium, Sphingopyxis, and Castellaniella and several other genera, including Niabella and Naxibacter, were detected in the enriched consortia. The predominant microbes varied and the microbial community in the consortia gradually changed during the successive subculturing depending on the treatment, indicating that the pollutants influenced the microbial successions. Comparison of the networks in the treatments indicated that organic pollutants and CdCl2 affected the co-occurrence patterns in enriched consortia. In conclusion, single environmental factors, such as the addition of nutrients or selection pressure, can shape microbial communities and partially explain the extensive differences in microbial community structures among diverse environments.
作为一个全球性问题，环境污染是塑造微生物群落的一个重要因素。阐明微生物群落对污染物的演替对于开发生物修复程序至关重要。在本研究中，十批土壤富集继代培养物接受了四种处理：菲、正十八烷、菲 + 正十八烷或菲 + 正十八烷 + 氯化镉。获得了与四种处理的每一批相对应的四十个污染物降解菌群。16S rRNA基因的高通量测序表明，在整个继代培养过程中，菌群的多样性、丰富度和均匀度均下降。在富集菌群中检测到了著名的烃降解菌不动杆菌属、戈登氏菌属、鞘氨醇单胞菌属、鞘氨醇杆菌属和卡氏菌属以及其他几个属，包括尼阿贝拉菌属和纳克西杆菌属。优势微生物各不相同，并且在连续继代培养过程中，菌群中的微生物群落根据处理方式逐渐变化，这表明污染物影响了微生物的演替。处理中网络的比较表明，有机污染物和氯化镉影响了富集菌群中的共现模式。总之，单一环境因素，如添加营养物或选择压力，可以塑造微生物群落，并部分解释不同环境中微生物群落结构的广泛差异。
