Meador James P, Yeh Andrew, Young Graham, Gallagher Evan P
Ecotoxicology and Environmental Fish Health Program, Northwest Fisheries Science Center, NOAA Fisheries, Seattle, WA, 98112, USA; Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
Environ Pollut. 2016 Jun;213:254-267. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2016.01.088. Epub 2016 Feb 21.
This study was designed to assess the occurrence and concentrations of a broad range of contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) from three local estuaries within a large estuarine ecosystem. In addition to effluent from two wastewater treatment plants (WWTP), we sampled water and whole-body juvenile Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) and Pacific staghorn sculpin (Leptocottus armatus) in estuaries receiving effluent. We analyzed these matrices for 150 compounds, which included pharmaceuticals, personal care products (PPCPs), and several industrial compounds. Collectively, we detected 81 analytes in effluent, 25 analytes in estuary water, and 42 analytes in fish tissue. A number of compounds, including sertraline, triclosan, estrone, fluoxetine, metformin, and nonylphenol were detected in water and tissue at concentrations that may cause adverse effects in fish. Interestingly, 29 CEC analytes were detected in effluent and fish tissue, but not in estuarine waters, indicating a high potential for bioaccumulation for these compounds. Although concentrations of most detected analytes were present at relatively low concentrations, our analysis revealed that overall CEC inputs to each estuary amount to several kilograms of these compounds per day. This study is unique because we report on CEC concentrations in estuarine waters and whole-body fish, which are both uncommon in the literature. A noteworthy finding was the preferential bioaccumulation of CECs in free-ranging juvenile Chinook salmon relative to staghorn sculpin, a benthic species with relatively high site fidelity.
本研究旨在评估一个大型河口生态系统中三个当地河口出现的多种新兴关注污染物（CECs）的发生情况和浓度。除了两个污水处理厂（WWTP）的废水外，我们还在接收废水的河口采集了水以及幼年奇努克鲑鱼（Oncorhynchus tshawytscha）和太平洋杜父鱼（Leptocottus armatus）的全鱼样本。我们分析了这些样本中的150种化合物，包括药物、个人护理产品（PPCPs）和几种工业化合物。我们总共在废水中检测到81种分析物，在河口水中检测到25种分析物，在鱼组织中检测到42种分析物。在水和组织中检测到了多种化合物，包括舍曲林、三氯生、雌酮、氟西汀、二甲双胍和壬基酚，其浓度可能会对鱼类产生不利影响。有趣的是，在废水和鱼组织中检测到了29种CEC分析物，但在河口水中未检测到，这表明这些化合物具有很高的生物累积潜力。尽管大多数检测到的分析物浓度相对较低，但我们的分析表明，每个河口每天的CEC总输入量达数千克这些化合物。这项研究很独特，因为我们报告了河口水中和全鱼中的CEC浓度，这在文献中都不常见。一个值得注意的发现是，相对于杜父鱼（一种具有较高栖息地忠诚度的底栖物种），CECs在自由游动的幼年奇努克鲑鱼中更易生物累积。
