Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, UK.
Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, UK.
Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2016 May;64:229-51. doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2016.02.018. Epub 2016 Feb 23.
How do we choose one option rather than another when faced with uncertainty about the information we receive, and the consequences of what we decide? The LATER (Linear Approach to Threshold with Ergodic Rate) model has proved to be remarkably accurate in predicting how we respond in such situations. Given its conceptual simplicity, its grounding in fundamental Bayesian principles and its very few free parameters, it is being increasingly adopted for a wider range of choice tasks, helping us to understand the underlying neural mechanisms, and in applying this to clinical disorders. Here, we provide a thorough discussion of the history behind this model, and how it can be applied to more complex decisions, including anti-saccades, Go-NoGo, countermanding and other situations where newly-arriving information means that ongoing decisions must be modified. The neuroscience of decision-making is progressing rapidly, and we anticipate that wider understanding and application of this model will help simplify the interpretation of increasingly advanced decision behaviour both in the laboratory and clinic.
当我们面对接收到的信息的不确定性以及我们所做决定的后果时，我们如何选择一个选项而不是另一个选项？ LATER（具有遍历率的线性逼近阈值）模型已被证明在预测我们在这种情况下的反应方面非常准确。鉴于其概念简单，基于基本贝叶斯原理以及很少的自由参数，它正在被越来越多地应用于更广泛的选择任务中，帮助我们了解潜在的神经机制，并将其应用于临床疾病中。在这里，我们提供了对该模型背后的历史的深入讨论，以及如何将其应用于更复杂的决策，包括反扫视、Go-NoGo、撤销以及其他情况下，新出现的信息意味着必须修改正在进行的决策。决策的神经科学正在迅速发展，我们预计，更广泛地理解和应用这个模型将有助于简化实验室和临床中越来越先进的决策行为的解释。
