Walton AnnMarie Lee, LePrevost Catherine, Wong Bob, Linnan Laura, Sanchez-Birkhead Ana, Mooney Kathi
The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, School of Nursing, 4008 Carrington Hall, CB# 7460, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7460, USA.
North Carolina State University, Department of Applied Ecology, USA.
Environ Res. 2016 May;147:275-83. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2016.02.020. Epub 2016 Feb 23.
Agricultural pesticide exposure has potential adverse health effects for farmworkers that may be reduced by pesticide protective behaviors (PPBs). The Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) Worker Protection Standard (WPS) requires PPBs be taught to farmworkers prior to field work. Studies to date have not utilized observational methods to evaluate the degree to which PPBs are practiced by Latino migrant and seasonal farmworkers in the United States. The purpose of this study was to describe, compare, and contrast observed and self-reported PPBs used by Latino farmworkers; both PPBs that the WPS requires be taught and other PPBs were included. Observed and self-reported data were collected from 71 Latino farmworkers during the 2014 tobacco growing season in North Carolina. Participants were consistent in reporting and using long pants and closed shoes in the field most of the time. In addition, gloves, hats/bandanas, and water-resistant outerwear were frequently observed, although they are not required to be taught by the WPS. Farmworkers reported more long-sleeve (p=.028) and glove use (p=.000) than what was observed. It was uncommon to observe washing behavior before eating or drinking, even when washing supplies were available. Washing behaviors were significantly overreported for hand (p=.000; p=.000) and face (p=.000; p=.058) washing before eating and drinking in the field. This study documents that protective clothing behaviors that the WPS requires be taught, plus a few others are commonly practiced by Latino migrant and seasonal farmworkers, but washing behaviors in the field are not. Targeted strategies to improve washing behaviors in the field are needed.
农业农药接触可能会对农场工人的健康产生潜在的不利影响，而农药防护行为（PPB）或许可以降低这种影响。美国环境保护局（EPA）的《工人保护标准》（WPS）要求在田间作业前向农场工人传授PPB。迄今为止的研究尚未采用观察性方法来评估美国拉丁裔移民和季节性农场工人践行PPB的程度。本研究的目的是描述、比较和对比拉丁裔农场工人观察到的和自我报告的PPB；既包括WPS要求传授的PPB，也包括其他PPB。在北卡罗来纳州2014年烟草种植季节期间，从71名拉丁裔农场工人那里收集了观察到的数据和自我报告的数据。参与者在报告和在田间大部分时间穿着长裤和闭趾鞋方面保持一致。此外，虽然WPS并未要求传授，但经常观察到工人使用手套、帽子/头巾和防水外套。农场工人报告的长袖穿着（p = 0.028）和手套使用（p = 0.000）情况比观察到的更多。即使有洗涤用品，在进食或饮水前观察到洗涤行为的情况也很少见。在田间进食和饮水前洗手（p = 0.000；p = 0.000）和洗脸（p = 0.000；p = 0.058）的洗涤行为被显著高估。本研究记录了WPS要求传授的防护服穿着行为，以及其他一些行为是拉丁裔移民和季节性农场工人普遍践行的，但田间洗涤行为并非如此。需要有针对性的策略来改善田间的洗涤行为。
