Pelyhe Csilla, Kövesi Benjámin, Zándoki Erika, Kovács Balázs, Szabó-Fodor Judit, Mézes Miklós, Balogh Krisztián
Department of Nutrition, Szent István University, 2103, Gödöllő, Hungary.
Mycotoxins in the Food Chain Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences-Kaposvár University, 7400, Kaposvár, Hungary.
Mycotoxin Res. 2016 May;32(2):77-83. doi: 10.1007/s12550-016-0242-1. Epub 2016 Feb 26.
The purpose of study was to investigate the effects of T-2 toxin (4.11 mg T-2 toxin and 0.45 mg HT-2 toxin kg(-1) feed) and deoxynivalenol (5.96 and 0.33 mg 15-acetyl deoxynivalenol (DON) kg(-1) feed) in 1-year-old common carp juveniles in a 4-week feeding trial. The exposure of mycotoxins resulted in increased mortality in both groups consuming mycotoxin-contaminated diet. Parameters of lipid peroxidation were not affected during the trial, and antioxidant defence also did not show response to oxidative stress; however, glutatione peroxidase activity slightly, but significantly, decreased in the T-2 toxin group. Glutathione S-transferase activity showed moderate decrease as effect of T-2 toxin, which suggests its effect on xenobiotic transformation. Reduced glutathione concentration showed moderate changes as effect of DON exposure, but T-2 toxin has no effect. Expression of phospholipid hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase (GPx4) genes showed different response to mycotoxin exposure. T-2 toxin caused dual response in the expression of gpx4a (early and late downregulation and mid-term upregulation), but continuous upregulation was found as effect of deoxynivalenol. Expression of the other gene, gpx4b, was upregulated by both trichothecenes during the whole period. The results suggested that trichothecenes have some effect on free radical formation and antioxidant defence, but the changes depend on the duration of exposure and the dose applied, and in case of glutathione peroxidase, there was no correlation between expression of genes and enzyme activity.
本研究的目的是通过一项为期4周的饲养试验，调查T-2毒素（4.11毫克T-2毒素和0.45毫克HT-2毒素/千克饲料）和脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇（5.96毫克和0.33毫克15-乙酰脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇（DON）/千克饲料）对1岁鲤鱼幼鱼的影响。霉菌毒素暴露导致两组食用受霉菌毒素污染饲料的鱼死亡率增加。在试验期间，脂质过氧化参数未受影响，抗氧化防御对氧化应激也未表现出反应；然而，T-2毒素组的谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性略有但显著下降。谷胱甘肽S-转移酶活性因T-2毒素的作用而呈中度下降，这表明其对异生物转化有影响。还原型谷胱甘肽浓度因DON暴露而有中度变化，但T-2毒素无影响。磷脂氢过氧化物谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GPx4）基因的表达对霉菌毒素暴露表现出不同的反应。T-2毒素导致gpx4a表达出现双重反应（早期和晚期下调以及中期上调），但脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇的作用导致其持续上调。另一个基因gpx4b的表达在整个时期都被两种单端孢霉烯族毒素上调。结果表明，单端孢霉烯族毒素对自由基形成和抗氧化防御有一定影响，但变化取决于暴露持续时间和应用剂量，就谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶而言，基因表达与酶活性之间没有相关性。
