Sharkey Jessica M, Abraham Joseph H, Clark Leslie L, Rohrbeck Patricia, Ludwig Sharon L, Hu Zheng, Baird Coleen P
U.S. Army Public Health Command, 5158 Blackhawk Road, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010.
Armed Forces Health Surveillance Center, 11800 Tech Road, Silver Spring, MD 20910.
Mil Med. 2016 Mar;181(3):265-71. doi: 10.7205/MILMED-D-14-00690.
Inhalational hazards are numerous in operational environments. A retrospective cohort study was conducted to investigate associations between deployment to Kabul, Afghanistan and subsequent respiratory health among U.S. military personnel. The study population consisted of personnel who deployed to Kabul, select Operation Enduring Freedom locations, personnel stationed in the Republic of Korea, and U.S.-stationed personnel. Incidence rate ratios (IRRs) were estimated for respiratory symptoms, signs, and ill-defined conditions, asthma, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. A significantly elevated rate of symptoms, signs, and ill-defined conditions was observed among Kabul-deployed personnel compared to personnel deployed or stationed in Bagram (IRR 1.12; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.05-1.19), Republic of Korea (IRR 1.20; 95% CI, 1.10-1.31), and the United States (IRR 1.52; 95% CI, 1.43-1.62). A statistically elevated rate of asthma was observed among personnel deployed to Kabul, relative to U.S.-stationed personnel (IRR 1.61; 95% CI, 1.22-2.12). Statistically significant rates were not observed for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease among Kabul-deployed personnel compared to other study groups. These findings suggest that deployment to Kabul is associated with an elevated risk of postdeployment respiratory symptoms and new-onset asthma.
在作战环境中，吸入性危害众多。开展了一项回顾性队列研究，以调查美国军事人员被部署到阿富汗喀布尔与随后的呼吸健康之间的关联。研究人群包括被部署到喀布尔的人员、选定的持久自由行动地点的人员、驻扎在大韩民国的人员以及在美国本土驻扎的人员。对呼吸道症状、体征、不明原因病症、哮喘和慢性阻塞性肺疾病的发病率比（IRR）进行了估计。与被部署或驻扎在巴格拉姆的人员（IRR 1.12；95%置信区间[CI]，1.05 - 1.19）、大韩民国的人员（IRR 1.20；95% CI，1.10 - 1.31）以及美国本土的人员（IRR 1.52；95% CI，1.43 - 1.62）相比，在被部署到喀布尔的人员中观察到症状、体征和不明原因病症的发生率显著升高。与美国本土驻扎的人员相比，在被部署到喀布尔的人员中观察到哮喘发病率在统计学上有所升高（IRR 1.61；95% CI，1.22 - 2.12）。与其他研究组相比，在被部署到喀布尔的人员中未观察到慢性阻塞性肺疾病的统计学显著发病率。这些发现表明，被部署到喀布尔与部署后呼吸道症状和新发哮喘风险升高有关。
