Sooklert Kanidta, Chattong Supreecha, Manotham Krissanapong, Boonwong Chawikan, Klaharn I-yanut, Jindatip Depicha, Sereemaspun Amornpun
Nanobiomedicine Laboratory, Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; Inter-Department Program of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Graduate School, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Renal Unit, Department of Medicine, Lerdsin General Hospital, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Int J Nanomedicine. 2016 Feb 12;11:597-605. doi: 10.2147/IJN.S95654. eCollection 2016.
The toxic effects from exposure to silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), which are broadly present in many consumer products, have long raised concerns. Many studies have focused on the mechanisms of nanosilver, which cause toxicity in human cells, but little is known about prevention of this type of injury. This study investigated the in vitro effects of glutaraldehyde erythropoietin (GEPO), a cytoprotective compound derived from erythropoietin, in terms of cell protection against AgNP-induced injury. HEK293 cells were pretreated with or without GEPO before administration of AgNPs. The protective effects of GEPO in this cell line were assessed by the percentage of viable cells, alterations of cell morphology, and the proliferative capability of the cells. In addition, we assessed the role of GEPO in lowering cellular oxidative stress and regulating expression of the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl2. The results showed rescue effects on the percentage of viable and proliferative cells among GEPO pretreated cells. Pretreatment with GEPO maintained the normal cell shape and ultrastructural morphology. Moreover, GEPO reduced the generation of reactive oxygen species in cells and activated expression of Bcl2, which are the major mechanisms in protection against cellular toxicity induced by AgNPs. In conclusion, our study showed that the cytotoxic effects from exposure to AgNPs can be prevented by GEPO.
长期以来，广泛存在于许多消费品中的银纳米颗粒（AgNPs）的毒性作用一直令人担忧。许多研究聚焦于纳米银在人类细胞中产生毒性的机制，但对于预防这类损伤却知之甚少。本研究调查了戊二醛促红细胞生成素（GEPO）（一种源自促红细胞生成素的细胞保护化合物）在体外对细胞免受AgNP诱导损伤的保护作用。在给予AgNPs之前，对HEK293细胞进行有无GEPO的预处理。通过活细胞百分比、细胞形态改变和细胞增殖能力来评估GEPO对该细胞系的保护作用。此外，我们评估了GEPO在降低细胞氧化应激和调节抗凋亡蛋白Bcl2表达中的作用。结果显示，GEPO预处理的细胞在活细胞和增殖细胞百分比方面有挽救作用。GEPO预处理维持了细胞的正常形状和超微结构形态。此外，GEPO减少了细胞中活性氧的产生并激活了Bcl2的表达，这是抵御AgNPs诱导细胞毒性的主要机制。总之，我们的研究表明，GEPO可以预防暴露于AgNPs所产生的细胞毒性作用。
