Saidykhan Lamin, Abu Bakar Md Zuki Bin, Rukayadi Yaya, Kura Aminu Umar, Latifah Saiful Yazan
Microbiology Unit, Laboratory of Natural Products, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
Laboratory of Anatomy and Histology, Department of Veterinary Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
Int J Nanomedicine. 2016 Feb 15;11:661-73. doi: 10.2147/IJN.S95885. eCollection 2016.
A local antibiotic delivery system (LADS) with biodegradable drug vehicles is recognized as the most effective therapeutic approach for the treatment of osteomyelitis. However, the design of a biodegradable LADS with high therapeutic efficacy is too costly and demanding. In this research, a low-cost, facile method was used to design vancomycin-loaded aragonite nanoparticles (VANPs) with the aim of understanding its potency in developing a nanoantibiotic bone implant for the treatment of osteomyelitis. The aragonite nanoparticles (ANPs) were synthesized from cockle shells by a hydrothermal approach using a zwitterionic surfactant. VANPs were prepared using antibiotic ratios of several nanoparticles, and the formulation (1:4) with the highest drug-loading efficiency (54.05%) was used for physicochemical, in vitro drug release, and biological evaluation. Physiochemical characterization of VANP was performed by using transmission electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffraction, and Zetasizer. No significant differences were observed between VANP and ANP in terms of size and morphology as both samples were cubic shaped with sizes of approximately 35 nm. The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy of VANP indicated a weak noncovalent interaction between ANP and vancomycin, while the zeta potential values were slightly increased from -19.4±3.3 to -21.2±5.7 mV after vancomycin loading. VANP displayed 120 hours (5 days) release profile of vancomycin that exhibited high antibacterial effect against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213. The cell proliferation assay showed 80% cell viability of human fetal osteoblast cell line 1.19 treated with the highest concentration of VANP (250 µg/mL), indicating good biocompatibility of VANP. In summary, VANP is a potential formulation for the development of an LADS against osteomyelitis with optimal antibacterial efficacy, good bone resorbability, and biocompatibility.
具有可生物降解药物载体的局部抗生素递送系统（LADS）被认为是治疗骨髓炎最有效的治疗方法。然而，设计一种具有高治疗效果的可生物降解LADS成本过高且要求苛刻。在本研究中，采用一种低成本、简便的方法设计了载万古霉素的文石纳米颗粒（VANPs），旨在了解其在开发用于治疗骨髓炎的纳米抗生素骨植入物方面的效力。文石纳米颗粒（ANPs）是通过使用两性离子表面活性剂的水热法从鸟蛤壳中合成的。使用几种纳米颗粒的抗生素比例制备VANPs，并将具有最高载药效率（54.05%）的制剂（1:4）用于物理化学、体外药物释放和生物学评价。通过透射电子显微镜、傅里叶变换红外光谱、X射线粉末衍射和Zetasizer对VANP进行物理化学表征。在尺寸和形态方面，VANP和ANP之间未观察到显著差异，因为两个样品均为立方体形，尺寸约为35 nm。VANP的傅里叶变换红外光谱表明ANP和万古霉素之间存在弱非共价相互作用，而载万古霉素后zeta电位值从-19.4±3.3 mV略微增加到-21.2±5.7 mV。VANP显示万古霉素的释放曲线为120小时（5天），对耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌ATCC
