Zin War War May, Prompanya Chadaporn, Buttachon Suradet, Kijjoa Anake
Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
Curr Drug Deliv. 2016;13(3):378-88. doi: 10.2174/1567201813666160303104641.
Fungi are microorganisms which can produce interesting secondary metabolites with structural diversity. Although terrestrial fungi have been extensively investigated for their bioactive secondary metabolites such as antibiotics, marine-derived fungi have only recently attracted attention of Natural Products chemists.
Our group has been working on the secondary metabolites produced by the cultures of the fungi of the genera Neosartorya and Aspergillus, collected from soil and marine environments from the tropical region for the purpose of finding new leads for anticancer and antibacterial drugs.
This review covers only the secondary metabolites of four soil and six marine-derived species of Neosarorya as well as a new species of marine-derived Aspergillus, investigated by our group. In total, we have isolated fifty three secondary metabolites which can be categorized as polyketides (two), isocoumarins (six), terpenoids (two), meroterpenes (fourteen), alkaloids (twenty eight) and cyclic peptide (one). The anticancer and antibacterial activities of these fungal metabolites are also discussed.
Among fifty three secondary metabolites isolated, only the alkaloid eurochevalierine and the cadinene sesquiterpene, isolated from the soil fungus N. pseudofisheri, showed relevant in vitro cytostatic activity against glioblastoma (U373) and non-small cell lung cancer (A549) cell lines while the meroditerpene aszonapyrone A exhibited strong antibacterial activity against multidrug-resistant Gram-positive bacteria and also strong antibiofilm activity in these isolates.
真菌是能够产生具有结构多样性的有趣次级代谢产物的微生物。尽管陆生真菌因其生物活性次级代谢产物如抗生素已被广泛研究，但海洋来源的真菌直到最近才引起天然产物化学家的关注。
我们团队一直致力于研究从热带地区的土壤和海洋环境中采集的新萨托菌属和曲霉属真菌培养物所产生的次级代谢产物，目的是寻找抗癌和抗菌药物的新线索。
本综述仅涵盖了我们团队研究的四种土壤来源和六种海洋来源的新萨托菌以及一种海洋来源的曲霉新物种的次级代谢产物。我们总共分离出了53种次级代谢产物，可分为聚酮类化合物（2种）、异香豆素类（6种）、萜类化合物（2种）、杂萜类（14种）、生物碱类（28种）和环肽（1种）。还讨论了这些真菌代谢产物的抗癌和抗菌活性。
在分离出的53种次级代谢产物中，只有从土壤真菌假费舍尔新萨托菌中分离出的生物碱类的欧洲雪瓦利碱和杜松烯倍半萜对胶质母细胞瘤（U373）和非小细胞肺癌（A549）细胞系表现出相关的体外细胞生长抑制活性，而杂萜类的阿索纳吡喃酮A对多重耐药革兰氏阳性菌表现出强抗菌活性，并且在这些分离物中也表现出强抗生物膜活性。
