Solovei Irina, Thanisch Katharina, Feodorova Yana
Department of Biology II, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Grosshadernerstrasse 2, Planegg-Martinsried 82152, Germany.
Department of Biology II, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Grosshadernerstrasse 2, Planegg-Martinsried 82152, Germany.
Curr Opin Cell Biol. 2016 Jun;40:47-59. doi: 10.1016/j.ceb.2016.02.014. Epub 2016 Mar 1.
Genome-wide molecular studies have provided new insights into the organization of nuclear chromatin by revealing the presence of chromatin domains of differing transcriptional activity, frequency of cis-interactions, proximity to scaffolding structures and replication timing. These studies have not only brought our understanding of genome function to a new level, but also offered functional insight for many phenomena observed in microscopic studies. In this review, we discuss the major principles of nuclear organization based on the spatial segregation of euchromatin and heterochromatin, as well as the dynamic genome rearrangements occurring during cell differentiation and development. We hope to unite the existing molecular and microscopic data on genome organization to get a holistic view of the nucleus, and propose a model, in which repeat repertoire together with scaffolding structures blueprint the functional nuclear architecture.
全基因组分子研究通过揭示不同转录活性、顺式相互作用频率、与支架结构的接近程度以及复制时间的染色质结构域的存在，为核染色质的组织提供了新的见解。这些研究不仅将我们对基因组功能的理解提升到了一个新的水平，还为微观研究中观察到的许多现象提供了功能方面的见解。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了基于常染色质和异染色质的空间分离以及细胞分化和发育过程中发生的动态基因组重排的核组织的主要原则。我们希望将现有的关于基因组组织的分子和微观数据结合起来，以全面了解细胞核，并提出一个模型，其中重复序列库与支架结构共同描绘了功能性核结构的蓝图。
